๐The Key to Improving Your Korean Proficiency② ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ์ฌ : ๋๋ํ, ๊ผผ๊ผผํ, ์๋ค๊ฒ
๐ ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ์ฌ ๋ง์คํฐ ๊ณผ์ Essential Course for Korean Mastery
ํ๊ตญ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ ์ธ๊ตญ์ธ ํ์ต์๋ค์ด ๊ฐ์ฅ ์ด๋ ค์ํ๋ ๋ถ๋ถ ์ค ํ๋๋
'๋ถ์ฌ'์ด๋ค.
One of the most challenging aspects for foreign learners studying
Korean is 'adverbs'.
์ด ๊ธ์์๋ ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ์ฌ์ ์ข
๋ฅ์ ํ์ฉ๋ฒ์ ์ฝ๊ฒ ์ ๋ฆฌํด ๋๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค.
In this article, we will easily organize the types and usage of Korean adverbs for you.
✔"๋งค์ฐ"์ "์์ฃผ"์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ ๋ฌด์์ผ๊น?
What is the difference between "๋งค์ฐ" (very) and "์์ฃผ"
(very)?
✔"์์ฃผ"์ "๊ฐ๋"์ ๋น๋๋ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๋ค๋ฅผ๊น?
How does the frequency of "์์ฃผ" (often) differ from "๊ฐ๋"
(sometimes)?
✔"์ฒ์ฒํ"์ "๋์ถฉ"์ ์ด๋ค ๋์์ค ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง๊น?
What nuance differences do have?"์ฒ์ฒํ" (slowly) and "๋์ถฉ"
(roughly)
๋ถ์ฌ๋ ์์ ๋จ์ด์ฒ๋ผ ๋ณด์ด์ง๋ง, ๋ฌธ์ฅ์ ์ ํ์ฑ๊ณผ ์์ฐ์ค๋ฌ์์
๊ฒฐ์ ํ๋ ์ค์ํ ์์์ด๋ค.
Although adverbs may seem like small words, they are crucial elements
that determine the accuracy and naturalness of a sentence.
๐ก ๋ถ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ ์์์ผ ํ๋ ์ด์
Reasons Why You Need to Understand Adverbs Well
๐ ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ์ฌํ์ฉ์ 3๊ฐ์ง ํต์ฌ ์ฅ์
์ธ๋ฐํ ํํ์ด ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค
Detailed expression is possible
"์กฐ๊ธ ์ถฅ์ต๋๋ค" [It's a
little cold]
vs
"๋งค์ฐ ์ถฅ์ต๋๋ค" [It's very
cold]
์์ด๋ฏผ์ฒ๋ผ ์์ฐ์ค๋ฌ์ด ๋ฌธ์ฅ
Natural-sounding sentences
"๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ค์ธ์!" [Come
quickly!]
vs
"์ฒ์ฒํ ์ค์ธ์" [Come
slowly]
์ํ์์ ๊ณ ๋์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ
High exam scores
TOPIK ์ฐ๊ธฐ·๋งํ๊ธฐ ํ๊ฐ
[TOPIK Writing/Speaking evaluation]
"๋ถ์ฌ๋ง ์ ๋๋ก ์ดํดํด๋ ํ๊ตญ์ด ์ค๋ ฅ์ด 30%๋ ์ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ๋ค"๋ ๋ง์ด ์์ ์ ๋์ด๋ค! It is even said that "understanding adverbs properly can improve your Korean skills by at least 30%!"
➡️ TOPIK 60์ผ ์์ฑ ์ฝ์ค 29์ผ์ฐจ: ํต์ฌ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ ์ด์ ๋ฆฌ๐ ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ์ฌ ์ข ๋ฅ ์ ๋ฆฌํ / Korean Adverbs Classification
|
๋ถ์ฌ ์ข
๋ฅ Adverb Type |
๊ธฐ๋ฅ Function |
๋ํ ์์ Common Examples |
|---|---|---|
|
์ ๋๋ถ์ฌ Degree Adverbs |
๊ฐ๋ ์กฐ์ Modify intensity |
๋งค์ฐ(very), ์กฐ๊ธ(a little), ์์ฃผ(extremely), ๊ฝค(rather), ๋๋ฌด(too), ์ ๋ง(really), ๋ชน์(terribly), ๋ฌด์ฒ(immensely), ์๋นํ(considerably) |
|
๋น๋๋ถ์ฌ Frequency Adverbs |
๋น๋ ํํ Express frequency |
์์ฃผ(often), ๊ฐ๋(sometimes), ํญ์(always), ๋ณดํต(usually), ์ข ์ข (frequently), ๋๋๋ก(occasionally), ์ ๋(never), ์ ํ(not at all), ๋๋ฌผ๊ฒ(rarely) |
|
์ํ๋ถ์ฌ Manner Adverbs |
๋ฐฉ์ ์ค๋ช
Describe manner |
์ฒ์ฒํ(slowly), ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒ(quickly), ์กฐ์ฉํ(quietly), ํฌ๊ฒ(loudly), ๊ฐ์ ํ(barely), ๋ง์๊ป(to one's heart's content), ํจ๋ถ๋ก(carelessly), ๋์ถฉ(roughly), ๊ผผ๊ผผํ(meticulously) |
|
์ ์๋ถ์ฌ Conjunctive Adverbs |
๋ฌธ์ฅ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ Connect sentences |
๊ทธ๋์(so), ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋(however), ํ์ง๋ง(but), ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ฏ๋ก(therefore), ๋ฐ๋ผ์(accordingly), ๊ฒ๋ค๊ฐ(moreover), ๋์ฑ์ด(furthermore), ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ(eventually) |
|
์๊ฐ๋ถ์ฌ Time Adverbs |
์๊ฐ์ ํ๋ฆ ํํ Express time |
์ค๋(today), ์ด์ (yesterday), ๋ด์ผ(tomorrow), ์ง๊ธ(now), ๊ณง(soon), ์ด๋ฐ๊ฐ(later), ๋ฒ์จ(already), ์์ง(yet), ์ด๋ฏธ(already), ๋ฐฉ๊ธ(just now) |
|
๋ถ์ ๋ถ์ฌ Negative Adverbs |
๋ถ์ ๊ฐ์กฐ Negate statements |
์(not), ๋ชป(cannot), ์ ๋(absolutely not), ์ ํ(not at all), ๋ณ๋ก(not really), ๊ทธ๋ค์ง(not very), ์(not in the least) |
|
์๋ฌธ๋ถ์ฌ Interrogative Adverbs |
์ง๋ฌธ ์์ฑ Form questions |
์(why), ์ด๋ป๊ฒ(how), ์ธ์ (when), ์ด๋์(where), ์ผ๋ง๋(how much), ์ด๋(which), ์ด๋ ํ(what kind of) |
※ ๋ถ์ฌ๋ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ด ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง
์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
※ Adverb functions may vary depending on context.
๐จ ์ํ ๋ถ์ฌ (Manner Adverbs)๋, ๋์์ด๋ ์ํ์ '๋ชจ์'๊ณผ '๋ฐฉ์'์ ๊ทธ๋ ค๋ด๋ ๋ง๋ฒ!
์ํ ๋ถ์ฌ๋ ๋์ฌ๋ ํ์ฉ์ฌ๊ฐ ๋ํ๋ด๋ ๋์์ด๋ ์ํ๊ฐ ์ด๋ค ๋ชจ์ต์ผ๋ก, ์ด๋ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก ์ผ์ด๋๋์ง๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฌ์ฌํ๋ ์ญํ ์ ํ๋ค. ๋ง์น ํ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ถ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ์ธํ๊ฒ ํํํ๋ฏ, ์ํ ๋ถ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ฉด ๋๊ฐ์ ์ํฉ๋ ํจ์ฌ ๋ ์ค๊ฐ๋๊ณ ๋ค์ฑ๋กญ๊ฒ ์ ๋ฌํ ์ ์๋ค.
Manner adverbs play the role of specifically describing in what way or manner an action or state indicated by a verb or adjective occurs. Just as a painter delicately expresses with a brush, using manner adverbs allows you to convey the same situation much more realistically and colorfully.
➡️ ๋ง์ดํฌ์ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค์ ์ฒซ ์ถ๊ทผ ๋ํ: ๊ธฐ์ด ํํ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ์ดํ 3 (Words)
1. ๋ถ์ฌ (busa)
๋ถ์ฌ(ๅฏ่ฉ)
Adverb
๋์ฌ, ํ์ฉ์ฌ, ๋๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ฃผ์ด ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ ํ๋ถํ๊ฒ ๋ง๋ญ๋๋ค.
Modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs to enrich the meaning.
์์:
๋๋ ๋ฐฅ์ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน์๋ค.
I ate my meal quickly.
2. ๋น๋ (bindo)
๋น๋(้ ปๅบฆ)
Frequency
์ด๋ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ๋ง๋ ์์ฃผ ๋ฐ์ํ๋์ง๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋
๋๋ค.
Indicates how often something occurs.
์์:
์ ๋ ์์ฃผ ๋์๊ด์ ๊ฐ๋๋ค.
I often go to the library.
3. ์ํ (yangtae)
์ํ(ๆจฃๆ
)
Manner, Mode
์ด๋ค ๋์์ด๋ ์ํ์ ๋ชจ์์ด๋ ๋ฐฉ์์ ๋ํ๋
๋๋ค.
Indicates the manner or mode of an action or state.
์์:
๊ทธ๋ ์กฐ์ฉํ ์ฑ
์ ์ฝ์ต๋๋ค.
He quietly reads a book.
๋ฌธ๋ฒ 3 (Grammar)
1. -์ด/๊ฐ (i/ga)
์กฐ์ฌ
Subject marker
์ฃผ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋ด๋ ์ญํ ์ ํฉ๋๋ค.
Marks the subject of a sentence.
์์:
์ฑ
์ด ์ฌ๋ฏธ์์ด์.
The book is interesting.
2. -์/๋ (eun/neun)
์กฐ์ฌ
Topic marker
๋ฌธ์ฅ์ ์ฃผ์ ๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋ด์ด ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ ๋ณด์ ๋์กฐํ๊ฑฐ๋ ๊ฐ์กฐํฉ๋๋ค.
Marks the topic of a sentence, often for contrast or emphasis.
์์:
์ ๋ ํ์์
๋๋ค.
I am a student.
3. ๋ถ์ฌ์ ์์น (busaui wichi)
Adverb position
ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ์ฌ๋ ์ผ๋ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ์์ํ๋ ค๋ ๋์ ์์ ์์นํฉ๋๋ค.
Korean adverbs are generally placed before the word they modify.
์์:
๋๋ ๋งค์ฐ ํ๋ณตํฉ๋๋ค.
I am very happy.
✅ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ/์ดํ ์ฐ์ต ๋ฌธ์
-
"์ ์ฌ๋์ ๋ ธ๋๋ฅผ ____ ๋ถ๋ฆ ๋๋ค."
"That person sings songs ____."
(๋น์นธ์ ์๋ง์ ๋ถ์ฌ: ํฌ๊ฒ) -
๊ฐ: "์์์ด ์ข์ต๋๋ค."
๋: "์์์ ์ข์ต๋๋ค."
Explain the difference between the two sentences.
(ํํธ: ์ฃผ์ ์ ์ฃผ์ด)
๋๊ธ
๋๊ธ ์ฐ๊ธฐ