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'๋ถ์ด๋ค' vs. '๋ถ์น๋ค'
Confusing Korean Grammar: '๋ถ์ด๋ค' vs. '๋ถ์น๋ค' Perfectly Organized

✨์๊ฐ (Introduction)
Introduction to the Confusing Verbsํ๊ตญ์ด ํ์ต์๋ค์ด ์์ฃผ ํท๊ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ๋์ฌ '๋ถ์ด๋ค'์ '๋ถ์น๋ค'์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ง์ดํฌ์ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค์ ๋ํ๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ฝ๊ณ ์ฌ๋ฏธ์๊ฒ ์์๋ด ์๋ค. ์ด ๊ธ์ ํตํด ๋ ๋์ฌ์ ์ ํํ ์๋ฏธ์ ์ฌ์ฉ๋ฒ์ ์ตํ๊ณ ์์ฐ์ค๋ฌ์ด ํ๊ตญ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฌํ ์ ์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฑฐ์์! Let's learn the difference between the easily confusing Korean verbs '๋ถ์ด๋ค' and '๋ถ์น๋ค' through a fun and easy conversation between Mike and Grace. Through this post, you'll learn the exact meanings and uses of these two verbs and be able to speak natural Korean!
๐ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค (Grace)
"๋ง์ดํฌ, ๋๋์ด ํ๊ตญ์ ๋์ฐฉํ๋ค! ์ง์ ์ ๋ถ์ณค์ด?" (Mike, you've finally arrived in Korea! Did you send your luggage well?)
๊ธ๋ฐ์ ํธ๋ฅธ ๋์ ๋ฐ์ง์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค๊ฐ ํ์ง ์์ผ๋ฉฐ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง์ดํ์ต๋๋ค. ์ค๋ ๋นํ์ ์ง์น ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ ๋นํ๊ธฐ์์ ๋ด๋ฆฌ์๋ง์ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค์ ๋ฐ์ ์๋์ง์ ์กฐ๊ธ์ด๋๋ง ํ์ ์ป๋ ๋ฏํ์ต๋๋ค. With her blonde hair and sparkling blue eyes, Grace greeted Mike with a bright smile. Exhausted from the long flight, Mike seemed to gain a bit of strength from Grace's cheerful energy as soon as he got off the plane.
๐ง ๋ง์ดํฌ (Mike)
"์, ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค! ๊ณตํญ์์ ๋ด ์ง๋ค์ ํ๊ตญ์ผ๋ก ์ ๋ถ์์ด. ์ด์ ๊ฐ๋ฒผ์ด ๋ชธ์ผ๋ก ์์ธ ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝ์ ์์ํด๋ณผ๊น?" (Yeah, Grace! I stuck all my luggage to Korea at the airport. Now, shall we start sightseeing in Seoul with light steps?)
๐ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค (Grace)
"๋ง์ดํฌ, ๋ถ์๋ค๊ณ ? ์ง์ '๋ณด๋ด๋ค'๋ผ๋ ์๋ฏธ๋ก '๋ถ์น๋ค'๋ผ๊ณ ํด์ผ ํด. ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ ์๋ก ๋ถ์ผ ๋๋ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ ๊ฒ '๋ถ์ด๋ค' ๊ฑฐ๋ ." (Mike, you stuck them? For sending luggage, you should say '๋ถ์น๋ค', meaning 'to send'. '๋ถ์ด๋ค' is used when you physically attach one thing to another.)
๐ง ๋ง์ดํฌ (Mike)
"์… ๊ทธ๋ฌ๊ตฌ๋! ์ญ์ ํ๊ตญ์ด๋ ์ฝ์ง ์์. ๊ทธ๋ผ ๋ด๊ฐ ํ๊ตญ์ ์ค๊ธฐ ์ ์ ์น๊ตฌ์๊ฒ ์ฝ์๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋๋๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋๋ '๋ถ์ด๋ค'๋ผ๊ณ ํ๊ฑฐ๋ . ๊ทธ๊ฒ๋ ํ๋ฆฐ ๊ฑฐ์ผ?" (Ah… I see! Korean isn't easy after all. So, when I sent a postcard to a friend before coming to Korea, I also said '๋ถ์ด๋ค'. Was that also wrong?)
๐ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค (Grace)
"๋น์ฐํ์ง! ์ฝ์๋ฅผ ์น๊ตฌ์๊ฒ '๋ณด๋ด๋' ๊ฑฐ๋๊น ๊ทธ๋๋ '๋ถ์น๋ค'๋ผ๊ณ ํด์ผ์ง." ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค๋ ์ฐจ๊ทผ์ฐจ๊ทผ ์ค๋ช ํ์ต๋๋ค. "์๋ฅผ ๋ค์ด, ๋ฒฝ์ ์ฌ์ง์ ๋ถ์ด๋ค'๋ '๊นจ์ง ์ปต์ ํ๋ก ๋ถ์ด๋ค'์ฒ๋ผ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ด๋ ์ํฉ์์ '๋ถ์ด๋ค'๋ฅผ ์ฐ๋ ๊ฑฐ์ผ." (Of course! Since you were 'sending' the postcard to your friend, you should have said '๋ถ์น๋ค' then too. For example, you use '๋ถ์ด๋ค' in situations where you are physically attaching something, like '๋ถ์ด๋ค' a photo on the wall or '๋ถ์ด๋ค' a broken cup with glue.)
๐ง ๋ง์ดํฌ (Mike)
"์… ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋๊น ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ ๋ณด๋ด๊ฑฐ๋, ํธ์ง๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ด๊ฑฐ๋, ์๋๋ฉด ํ์ ์๊ฑด์ฒ๋ผ ์ด๋ค ๋ด์ฉ์ '๋๊ธฐ๋' ์ํฉ์์๋ '๋ถ์น๋ค'๋ฅผ ์ฐ๋ ๊ฑฐ๊ณ … ๋ง์ง?" (Hmm… so, when you send an object, send a letter, or 'pass on' some content like a meeting agenda, you use '๋ถ์น๋ค'… right?)
๐ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค (Grace)
"๊ฑฐ์ ๋ค ์ดํดํ๋ค! ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ '๋ถ์น๋ค'๋ ๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์๋ฏธ๋ ์์ด. ์๋ฅผ ๋ค์ด, '๋ถ์ ๋ถ์น๋ค'๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ฉด ๋ถ์ด ํํ ํ์ค๋ฅด๊ฒ ํ๋ค๋ ๋ป์ด๊ณ , ์ด๋ค ์ฌ๋์ ํ๋ฅผ ๋์ฐ๋ ์ํฉ์์๋ '๋ถ๋ ธ์ ๋ถ์ ๋ถ์น๋ค'๋ผ๊ณ ํํํ๊ธฐ๋ ํด." (You almost got it! And '๋ถ์น๋ค' has another meaning too. For example, if you say '๋ถ์ ๋ถ์น๋ค', it means to make a fire blaze, and you can also express a situation where you provoke someone's anger as '๋ถ๋ ธ์ ๋ถ์ ๋ถ์น๋ค'.)
๐ง ๋ง์ดํฌ (Mike)
"์, ํ๋์ ๋จ์ด์ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋ค์ํ ์๋ฏธ๊ฐ ์๋ค๋ ์ ๋ง ์ ๊ธฐํ๋ค! ๋ง์น ์์ด์ 'send'์ 'attach'์ฒ๋ผ ์์ ํ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ๋ ์ธ๋ฐ, ๋ฐ์์ ๋น์ทํด์ ํท๊ฐ๋ฆด ์ ์๊ฒ ์ด." (Wow, it's amazing that one word can have so many different meanings! It's like the completely different concepts of 'send' and 'attach' in English, but the similar pronunciation can be confusing.)
๐ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค (Grace)
"๋ง์. ๊ทธ๋์ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ ์ ํ์ ํ๋ ๊ฒ ์ค์ํด." ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค๋ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ ๋ง๋ถ์์ต๋๋ค. "์ค๋ ๋ง์ดํฌ ๋๋ถ์ ๋ง์ ํ๊ตญ์ด ํ์ต์๋ค์ด '๋ถ์ด๋ค'์ '๋ถ์น๋ค'์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ ๋ช ํํ๊ฒ ์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฑฐ์ผ!" (That's right. That's why understanding the context is important." Grace added with a smile. "Thanks to Mike today, many Korean learners will understand the difference between '๋ถ์ด๋ค' and '๋ถ์น๋ค' more clearly!")
๐ง ๋ง์ดํฌ (Mike)
"ํํ, ์ค์ ๋๋ถ์ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ฌ๋๋ค์๊ฒ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค๋ ๋คํ์ด๋ค! ์ด์ ์ง ์ฐพ์ผ๋ฌ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ์ค๋? ๋ด ์ง๋ค์ด ํ๊ตญ ๋ ์ ์ '๋ถ์ณ์ก๋์ง' ํ์ธํด์ผ๊ฒ ์ด!" (Haha, it's good to know that my mistake can help others! Now, will you come with me to find my luggage? I need to make sure my luggage was well 'sent' to Korean soil!)
๐ ๊ทธ๋ ์ด์ค (Grace)
"๊ทธ๋ผ! ์์ธ ์ฌํ, ์ด์ ์ง์ง ์์์ด๋ค!" (Of course! Let's really start our Seoul trip now!)
๐ ํต์ฌ ์ ๋ฆฌ: ๋ถ์ด๋ค vs. ๋ถ์น๋ค (Key Summary)
Essential Vocabulary and Grammar from the Dialogue๋ ๋์ฌ์ ์ฌ์ฉ๋ฒ์ ๋ค์ ํ๋ฒ ์ ๋ฆฌํด๋ด ์๋ค! Let's summarize the usage of the two verbs again!
- ๋ถ์ด๋ค: ํ์ด๋ ์ ์ฐฉ์ ๋ฑ์ ์ฌ์ฉํ์ฌ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฐ๊ฒฐํ๊ฑฐ๋ ๊ณ ์ ํ ๋ ์ฌ์ฉํฉ๋๋ค. (Used when physically connecting or fixing with glue, adhesive, etc.)
- ๋ถ์น๋ค: ํธ์ง๋ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ ๋ณด๋ด๊ฑฐ๋, ์ด๋ค ์ผ์ ๋งก๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋, ๋ถ์ด๋ ๊ฐ์ ์ ์ผ์ผํฌ ๋ ์ฌ์ฉํฉ๋๋ค. (Used when sending letters or objects, entrusting tasks, or stirring up fire or emotions.)
๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ ํตํด ๋ ๋จ์ด์ ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ ํํ ํ์ ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์ค์ํฉ๋๋ค. (It is important to accurately understand the meaning of the two words through context.)
๐ ํต์ฌ ์ดํ (Key Vocabulary)
Essential Vocabulary from the Dialogue๊ฐ๋ณ๋ค (gabyeopda): to be light
๊ตฌ๊ฒฝ (gugyeong): sightseeing
๋ณด๋ด๋ค (bonaeda): to send
์๋ฏธ (uimi): meaning
์๋ก (seoro): each other
์ฌ์ฉํ๋ค (sayonghada): to use
์ฝ์ (yeopseo): postcard
ํ๋ฆฌ๋ค (teullida): to be wrong
๋ฒฝ (byeok): wall
์ฌ์ง (sajin): photo
๊นจ์ง๋ค (kkaejida): to be broken
ํ (pul): glue
๋ฌผ๊ฑด (mulgeon): object, thing
ํ์ ์๊ฑด (hoeui angeon): meeting agenda
์ดํดํ๋ค (ihaehada): to understand
๋ถ (bul): fire
ํ (hwa): anger
๋ถ๋ ธ (bunno): rage
์ค์ (silsu): mistake
์ง (jim): luggage
ํ์ธํ๋ค (hwaginhada): to check, confirm
์ฌํ (yeohaeng): trip, travel
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