๐Ÿ•ฐ️The Key to Improving Your Korean Proficiency④ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ : ์–ด์ œ, ๋ชจ๋ ˆ, ๊ธ€ํ”ผ, ์—Š๊ทธ์ œ, ์ต์ผ

⏰ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ: ์–ด์ œ, ๋ชจ๋ ˆ, ๊ธ€ํ”ผ ๋“ฑ | Mastering Korean Time Adverbs: Yesterday, The Day After Tomorrow, etc. - Super Real Korean

⏰ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ

Mastering Korean Time Adverbs

Level: Beginner-Intermediate Korean ๐Ÿš€ GO TO FURTHER & DEEPER

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ํ•™์Šต์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์–ด์ œ', '๋ชจ๋ ˆ', '๊ธ€ํ”ผ'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์ ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ƒํ™œ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ตํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

In learning Korean, time adverbs are essential elements that enrich the meaning of sentences and make conversations natural. Expressions like '์–ด์ œ' (yesterday), '๋ชจ๋ ˆ' (the day after tomorrow), and '๊ธ€ํ”ผ' (two days after tomorrow) help clearly indicate past, present, and future points in time. In this post, you can learn various time adverbs and practice using them naturally through real-life examples.

์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„ (Flow of Time Adverbs)

์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ตํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Time adverbs indicate past, present, and future based on a specific point in time. Understanding their flow can make learning them easier.

๊ณผ๊ฑฐ (Past):
์—Š๊ทธ์ œeot-geu-je Two days before yesterday (very recent past)
๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜geu-jeo-kke The day before yesterday
์–ด์ œeo-je Yesterday
์ง€๋‚œ๋‹ฌji-nan-dal Last month
์ž‘๋…„jak-nyeon Last year
ํ˜„์žฌ (Present):
์˜ค๋Š˜o-neul Today
์ง€๊ธˆji-geum Now
๊ณง(got) Soon
์š”์ฆ˜yo-jeum These days, recently
๋ฏธ๋ž˜ (Future):
๋‚ด์ผnae-il Tomorrow
๋ชจ๋ ˆmo-rae The day after tomorrow
๊ธ€ํ”ผgeul-pi Two days after tomorrow
๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผda-eum ju Next week
๋‚ด๋…„nae-nyeon Next year
์กฐ๋งŒ๊ฐ„(jo-man-gan) Soon, in the near future

๐Ÿ“š ์‹ค์ œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋Œ€ํ™” ์—ฐ์Šต (Real Korean Conversation Practice)

๐Ÿง‘‍๐Ÿ’ป Mike:

์–ด์ œeo-je ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜o-neul ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?

Can the design we discussed yesterday be completed today?

๐Ÿ‘ฉ‍๐Ÿ’ป Grace:

์˜ค๋Š˜o-neul ์˜ค์ „์— ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆji-geum ์ˆ˜์ • ์ค‘์ด์—์š”.

I reviewed it today morning and I'm editing now.

๐Ÿง‘‍๐Ÿ’ป Mike:

๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‚ด์ผnae-il ์˜ค์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?

Then can you send it by tomorrow morning?

๐Ÿ‘ฉ‍๐Ÿ’ป Grace:

๋ชจ๋ ˆmo-rae๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜o-neul ์ €๋…์— ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์š”.

I think I can do it by the day after tomorrow. I have a meeting today evening.

๐Ÿ’ก ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŒ (๐Ÿ’ก Practical Usage Tips)

์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Here are a few useful tips when using time adverbs.

  • ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ: ์–ด์ œeo-je ์™€ ๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜geu-jeo-kke, ๋ชจ๋ ˆmo-rae ์™€ ๊ธ€ํ”ผgeul-pi๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.

    Be specific: Distinguish between '์–ด์ œ' (yesterday) and '๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜' (day before yesterday), and '๋ชจ๋ ˆ' (day after tomorrow) and '๊ธ€ํ”ผ' (two days after tomorrow).

  • ๊ณ„ํš ์„ธ์šธ ๋•Œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ: ๋‚ด์ผnae-il, ๋ชจ๋ ˆmo-rae, ๊ธ€ํ”ผgeul-pi์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์•ฝ์†์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

    Use when planning: Future time adverbs like '๋‚ด์ผ' (tomorrow), '๋ชจ๋ ˆ' (day after tomorrow), '๊ธ€ํ”ผ' (two days after tomorrow) are useful when talking about appointments or plans.

  • ๋นˆ๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ: ๋งค์ผmae-il (daily), ์ž์ฃผja-ju (often) ๋“ฑ ๋นˆ๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

    Use with frequency adverbs: You can create more diverse sentences by using them with frequency adverbs like '๋งค์ผ' (daily) or '์ž์ฃผ' (often).

  • ์ง์žฅ ์ƒํ™œ ํ•„์ˆ˜ ํ‘œํ˜„: ๊ธˆ์ฃผgeum-ju (this week), ์ต์ผi-gil (next day, ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๊ด€๋ จ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œํ˜„๋„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘๋ฉด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

    Essential workplace expressions: It's also good to know business-related time expressions like '๊ธˆ์ฃผ' (this week) and '์ต์ผ' (next day, in formal contexts).

์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด

๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ œ์ž‘์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (Clicking ads greatly helps in content creation.)

๐Ÿ“ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ (Practice Questions)

๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณจ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.

Choose the time adverb that fits the context from the parentheses and complete the sentences.

  1. ์ €๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ( ์–ด์ œ / ๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜ / ๋ชจ๋ ˆ ) ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.

    I met my friend ( yesterday / the day before yesterday / the day after tomorrow ).

  2. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฐฝ๋ฆฝ ๊ธฐ๋…์ผ์ด ( ๋‚ด์ผ / ์ž‘๋…„ / ๋‚ด๋…„ )์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

    Our company's founding anniversary is ( tomorrow / last year / next year ).

  3. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ( ์˜ค๋Š˜ / ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ ) ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.

    We will discuss that ( today / next week ).

์ •๋‹ต ๋ณด๊ธฐ (Show Answers)
  • ์ €๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด์ œ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”. (๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ƒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ)

    I met my friend yesterday or the day before yesterday. (Both past adverbs are possible in the context)

  • ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฐฝ๋ฆฝ ๊ธฐ๋…์ผ์ด ๋‚ด๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์ )

    Our company's founding anniversary is next year. (Future point in time)

  • ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. (ํ˜„์žฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์  ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ)

    We will discuss that today or next week. (Both present 'today' or future 'next week' are possible)

์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋‹จ์–ด ์นด๋“œ (Time Adverb Word Cards)

์–ด์ œ
(eo-je)
Yesterday
๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜
(geu-jeo-kke)
The day before yesterday
์—Š๊ทธ์ œ
(eot-geu-je)
Two days before yesterday (very recent past)
์˜ค๋Š˜
(o-neul)
Today
์ง€๊ธˆ
(ji-geum)
Now, right now
๊ณง
(got)
Soon
์š”์ฆ˜
(yo-jeum)
These days, recently
๋‚ด์ผ
(nae-il)
Tomorrow
๋ชจ๋ ˆ
(mo-rae)
The day after tomorrow
๊ธ€ํ”ผ
(geul-pi)
Two days after tomorrow
์ง€๋‚œ๋‹ฌ
(ji-nan-dal)
Last month
์ž‘๋…„
(jak-nyeon)
Last year
๋‚ด๋…„
(nae-nyeon)
Next year
๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ
(da-eum ju)
Next week
์กฐ๋งŒ๊ฐ„
(jo-man-gan)
Soon, in the near future
๋งค์ผ
(mae-il)
Every day, daily
์ž์ฃผ
(ja-ju)
Often, frequently
๊ธˆ์ฃผ
(geum-ju)
This week
์ต์ผ
(i-gil)
The next day (formal/business context)

ํ•œ๊ตญ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ƒํ™œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด 'Real Business Korean' ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”!

If you want to learn more practical information about Korean company life and useful Korean expressions, visit the 'Real Business Korean' blog!

๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธ€ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ธฐ (Read another post)

๐Ÿ˜œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ 5๋ถ„๋งŒ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ํž˜๋‚ด์š”!

๐Ÿ˜œ Even just 5 minutes a day makes learning Korean easier. Let’s stay strong!

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