๐Ÿ’ฏํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๊ด€ํ˜•์‚ฌํ˜• ์–ด๋ฏธ ์‹ค์ „๋ฌธ์ œ test : -๋Š”, -(์œผ)ใ„ด, -(์œผ)ใ„น, -๋˜!

๊ด€ํ˜•์‚ฌํ˜• ์–ด๋ฏธ ์™„๋ฒฝ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ (-๋Š”, -ใ„ด, -ใ„น, -๋˜) | Mastering Korean Adnominal Endings - superrealkorean

๊ด€ํ˜•์‚ฌํ˜• ์–ด๋ฏธ ์—ฐ์Šต

Intermediate Level
A person studying Korean grammar with a laptop and notebook.

์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”! ์ง€๋‚œ ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์—์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๊ด€ํ˜•์‚ฌํ˜• ์–ด๋ฏธ '-๋Š”, -(์œผ)ใ„ด, -(์œผ)ใ„น, -๋˜' ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊นŠ์ด ํŒŒํ—ค์ณ ๋ณด์•˜์ฃ ? ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ํŠนํžˆ '-๋˜'์˜ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๋А๋‚€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์ฃผ์…จ์–ด์š”.

Hello! In the last post, we deeply explored the four Korean adnominal endings: '-neun, -(eu)n, -(eu)l, -deon', right? Many learners mentioned that they find the nuance of '-deon' particularly challenging.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ • ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”! ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด๋“  ๊พธ์ค€ํ•œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ •๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ, ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์†์—์„œ ์ด ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์–ด๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ „ ์—ฐ์Šต ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.

But don't worry! You can definitely master any grammar through consistent practice. Today, based on what we learned last time, we're going to have a practical exercise session to correctly choose and use these four endings in real sentences.


์‹ค์ „ ๋ฌธ์ œ 1: ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋งž๋Š” ์–ด๋ฏธ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ธฐ

๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๊ด€ํ˜•์‚ฌํ˜• ์–ด๋ฏธ(-๋Š”, -(์œผ)ใ„ด, -(์œผ)ใ„น)๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์›ํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์— ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Fill in the blanks with the correct adnominal ending (-neun, -(eu)n, -(eu)l) to modify the noun. The base verb is given in parentheses.

  1. ์–ด์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ () ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. (๋ณด๋‹ค)
  2. ๋‚ด์ผ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ () ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ผ์š”. (๋ณด๋‹ค)
  3. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ () ์ฑ…์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. (์ฝ๋‹ค)
  4. ์ง€๋‚œ๋‹ฌ์— () ์ฑ…์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ ค์› ์–ด์š”. (์ฝ๋‹ค)
  5. ๋‹ค์Œ์— () ์ฑ…์€ ์†Œ์„ค์ด์—์š”. (์ฝ๋‹ค)
  6. ๊ธธ์„ () ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์•„์š”. (๊ฑท๋‹ค)
  7. ์•„์นจ์— () ๋นต์ด ์ •๋ง ๋ง›์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. (๋จน๋‹ค)
  8. ์ €๋…์— () ๋ฉ”๋‰ด๋ฅผ ์•„์ง ๋ชป ์ •ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. (๋จน๋‹ค)

์ •๋‹ต ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ค (Answers & Explanations)

1. ์–ด์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณธ ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
Past completed action ('๋ณด๋‹ค' + -(์œผ)ใ„ด). The movie I watched with my friend yesterday was really fun.

2. ๋‚ด์ผ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณผ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ผ์š”.
Future action ('๋ณด๋‹ค' + -(์œผ)ใ„น). I'm excited for the movie I will watch with my friend tomorrow.

3. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ๋Š” ์ฑ…์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
Present progressive action ('์ฝ๋‹ค' + -๋Š”). The book I am reading now is about Korean history.

4. ์ง€๋‚œ๋‹ฌ์— ์ฝ์€ ์ฑ…์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ ค์› ์–ด์š”.
Past completed action ('์ฝ๋‹ค' + -(์œผ)ใ„ด). The book I read last month was too difficult.

5. ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ฝ์„ ์ฑ…์€ ์†Œ์„ค์ด์—์š”.
Future action ('์ฝ๋‹ค' + -(์œผ)ใ„น). The next book I will read is a novel.

6. ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑท๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์•„์š”.
Present progressive/General action ('๊ฑท๋‹ค' + -๋Š”). There are many people walking on the street.

7. ์•„์นจ์— ๋จน์€ ๋นต์ด ์ •๋ง ๋ง›์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
Past completed action ('๋จน๋‹ค' + -(์œผ)ใ„ด). The bread I ate in the morning was delicious.

8. ์ €๋…์— ๋จน์„ ๋ฉ”๋‰ด๋ฅผ ์•„์ง ๋ชป ์ •ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
Future action ('๋จน๋‹ค' + -(์œผ)ใ„น). I haven't decided on the menu I will eat for dinner yet.

๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ œ์ž‘์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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์‹ค์ „ ๋ฌธ์ œ 2: '-๋˜' vs. '-(์œผ)ใ„ด' (ํšŒ์ƒ vs. ์™„๋ฃŒ)

๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋นˆ์นธ์— ๋‰˜์•™์Šค์— ๋” ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๊ด€ํ˜•์‚ฌํ˜• ์–ด๋ฏธ('-๋˜' ๋˜๋Š” '-(์œผ)ใ„ด')๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.

Fill in the blanks with the more nuanced adnominal ending ('-deon' or '-(eu)n') to modify the noun.

  1. ์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ () ์ง‘์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ์š”. (์‚ด๋‹ค)
  2. ์–ด์ œ ๋งˆํŠธ์—์„œ () ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฑ์‹ฑํ•ด์š”. (์‚ฌ๋‹ค)
  3. ์˜ˆ์ „์— ํ•™๊ต ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ () ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜์š”. (๋“ฃ๋‹ค)
  4. ์ฝ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ƒ ์œ„์— ๋†“์•„๋‘” () ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. (์ฝ๋‹ค)

์ •๋‹ต ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ค (Answers & Explanations)

1. ์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๋˜ ์ง‘์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ์š”.
Recalling a past, continuous state ('์‚ด๋‹ค' + -๋˜). I miss the house where I used to live with my family when I was young.

2. ์–ด์ œ ๋งˆํŠธ์—์„œ ์‚ฐ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฑ์‹ฑํ•ด์š”.
A simple past completed action ('์‚ฌ๋‹ค' + -(์œผ)ใ„ด). The apples I bought at the supermarket yesterday are fresh.

3. ์˜ˆ์ „์— ํ•™๊ต ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ ๋“ฃ๋˜ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜์š”.
Recalling a past, repeated/habitual action ('๋“ฃ๋‹ค' + -๋˜). I remember the radio program I used to listen to every morning when I was a student.

4. ์ฝ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ƒ ์œ„์— ๋†“์•„๋‘” (์ฝ๋˜) ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
An interrupted past action ('์ฝ๋‹ค' + -๋˜). I'm looking for the book I was reading and left on the desk.

A sentimental picture of a Korean countryside house evoking memories.

๐Ÿ˜œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ 5๋ถ„๋งŒ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ํž˜๋‚ด์š”!

๐Ÿ˜œ Even just 5 minutes a day makes learning Korean easier. Let’s stay strong!

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