Recommand
๐ฏTHE KEY OF KOREAN DREAM⑨: Advanced Vocabulary for TOPIK II
- ๊ณต์ ๋งํฌ ๋ง๋ค๊ธฐ
- X
- ์ด๋ฉ์ผ
- ๊ธฐํ ์ฑ
Mastering Advanced Vocabulary for TOPIK II Writing (Part 3: Social Issues)
TOPIK II ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์์ญ ๊ณ ๋์ ์ ์ํ ๊ณ ๊ธ ์ดํ ์ ๋ณต (3ํธ: ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ )
Conquering Advanced Vocabulary for High Scores in TOPIK II Writing (Part 3: Social Issues)
TOPIK II ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์์ญ์์๋ ๋จ์ํ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ๊ณผ ์ดํ ์ง์๋ฟ๋ง ์๋๋ผ, ํ๊ตญ ์ฌํ์ ๊ตญ์ ์ฌํ์ ๋ค์ํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ๊น์ด ์๋ ์ดํด์ ์ด๋ฅผ ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ผ๋ก ํํํ๋ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ์ ์๊ตฌํฉ๋๋ค. ํนํ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ๋ ผ์ ํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ๊ทธ๋ํ ๋ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฑ์์ ์์ฃผ ๋ค๋ฃจ์ด์ง๋ ํต์ฌ ์ฃผ์ ์ ๋๋ค.
The TOPIK II Writing section requires not only knowledge of grammar and vocabulary but also a deep understanding of various issues in Korean society and the international community, and the ability to express them effectively. Social issues, in particular, are core topics frequently covered in essay questions or graph analysis questions.
์ด๋ฒ ํฌ์คํ ์ ๊ณ ๊ธ ์ดํ ์๋ฆฌ์ฆ ์ธ ๋ฒ์งธ ํธ์ผ๋ก, ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌํ๊ฐ ์ง๋ฉดํ๊ณ ์๋ ์ฃผ์ '์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ '์ ๊ด๋ จ๋ ํ์ ์ดํ๋ค์ ์์ธํ ์ดํด๋ณด๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค.
This post is the third part of the advanced vocabulary series, where we will look closely at essential vocabulary related to the major 'Social Issues' facing our society.
์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ด๋ จ ํ์ ๊ณ ๊ธ ์ดํ
์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ๋ณต์กํ๊ณ ๋ค์ธต์ ์ด๋ฏ๋ก, ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์์ธ, ํํฉ, ํด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ์ ๋ฑ์ ์ ํํ๊ฒ ์ค๋ช ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด์๋ ๊ด๋ จ ์ดํ๋ฅผ ์ ์๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์ค์ํฉ๋๋ค. ๋ค์ ์ดํ๋ค์ ํตํด ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ๊ธ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์ญ๋์ ํค์๋ด ์๋ค.
Social issues are complex and multifaceted, so it is important to know the relevant vocabulary well in order to accurately explain the causes, current status, and solutions for each issue. Let's improve your writing skills on social issues through the following vocabulary.
ํ์ฉ TIP: ์ดํ์ ์๋ฏธ๋ฟ๋ง ์๋๋ผ, ํด๋น ์ดํ๊ฐ ์ด๋ค ์ฌํ ํ์์ด๋ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ์ค๋ช ํ๋ ๋ฐ ์ฌ์ฉ๋๋์ง ๋ฌธ๋งฅ ์์์ ์ดํดํ๋ ์ฐ์ต์ ํ์ธ์.
Usage TIP: In addition to the meaning of the vocabulary, practice understanding in context how each term is used to explain a particular social phenomenon or issue.
ํต์ฌ ์ดํ ๋ฐ ํ์ฉ (์์)
1. ์ ์ถ์ฐ (Low Birth Rate)
์๋ฏธ: ํ ๊ตญ๊ฐ๋ ์ง์ญ์์ ์์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณ๋ ๋น์จ์ด ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ ์ง๋ฅผ ์ํด ํ์ํ ์์ค๋ณด๋ค ๋ฎ์ ํ์.
Meaning: A phenomenon where the birth rate in a country or region is lower than the level needed to maintain the population.
ํ์ฉ: ํ๊ตญ ์ฌํ๋ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ์ ์ถ์ฐ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ก ์ธํด ๋ฏธ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ ๋ํ ์ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ ์ปค์ง๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค.
Usage: Korean society is experiencing growing concerns about future economic growth due to the serious problem of low birth rate.
์ ๊ทธ๋ํ๋ 1970๋ ์ดํ ํ๊ตญ์ ์ฐ๊ฐ ์ถ์์ ์ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฌ์ค๋๋ค. ์๊ฐ์ด ์ง๋จ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์ถ์์ ์๊ฐ ๊ธ๊ฒฉํ ๊ฐ์ํ๊ณ ์์์ ์ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. (์ถ์ฒ: ํต๊ณ์ฒญ)
The graph above shows the trend of the number of annual live births in Korea since 1970. You can see that the number of births has decreased significantly over time. (Source: Statistics Korea)
2. ๊ณ ๋ นํ ์ฌํ (Aging Society)
์๋ฏธ: ์ ์ฒด ์ธ๊ตฌ์์ ๋ ธ์ธ ์ธ๊ตฌ์ ๋น์จ์ด ์ ์ ๋์์ง๋ ์ฌํ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ๋ณํ. (UN ๊ธฐ์ค: 65์ธ ์ด์ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋น์จ์ด 7% ์ด์ - ๊ณ ๋ นํ ์ฌํ, 14% ์ด์ - ๊ณ ๋ น ์ฌํ, 20% ์ด์ - ์ด๊ณ ๋ น ์ฌํ)
Meaning: A change in social structure where the proportion of the elderly population is continuously increasing. (UN standards: Proportion of population aged 65+ is 7% or more - aging society, 14% or more - aged society, 20% or more - super-aged society)
ํ์ฉ: ๊ณ ๋ นํ ์ฌํ ์ง์ ์ ์ฐ๊ธ, ์๋ฃ ๋ฑ ์ฌํ ์์คํ ์ ๋ฐ์ ํฐ ๋ถ๋ด์ ์ฃผ๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค.
Usage: Entering an aging society is putting a heavy burden on the entire social system, including pensions and healthcare.
์ ๊ทธ๋ํ๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ ์ฒด ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ค 65์ธ ์ด์ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์ฐจ์งํ๋ ๋น์จ์ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฌ์ค๋๋ค. ๊ณ ๋ น์ธ๊ตฌ ๋น์จ์ด ์ง์์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฆ๊ฐํ์ฌ ์ฌํ ๊ณ ๋ นํ๊ฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์งํ๋๊ณ ์์์ ๋ํ๋ ๋๋ค. (์ถ์ฒ: ํต๊ณ์ฒญ)
The graph above shows the change in the proportion of the population aged 65 and over in the total Korean population. It indicates that the proportion of the elderly population is continuously increasing, showing rapid societal aging. (Source: Statistics Korea)
3. ์๊ทนํ (Polarization)
์๋ฏธ: ์๋, ์์ฐ, ๊ณ์ธต ๋ฑ์ด ์ ์ ์์ชฝ ๋์ผ๋ก ์น์ฐ์ณ ์ค๊ฐ์ธต์ด ์ค์ด๋๋ ํ์. (์๋ ๋ถํ๋ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด๋ จ ๊น์)
Meaning: A phenomenon where income, assets, social strata, etc., are increasingly skewed towards both extremes, and the middle class is shrinking. (Closely related to income inequality)
ํ์ฉ: ๊ต์ก ๊ธฐํ์ ์๊ทนํ๋ ์ฌํ ๊ณ์ธต ์ด๋์ ์ด๋ ต๊ฒ ๋ง๋๋ ์ฃผ์ ์์ธ ์ค ํ๋์ ๋๋ค.
Usage: The polarization of educational opportunities is one of the main reasons making social mobility difficult.
4. ์ฌํ ๊ฐ๋ฑ (Social Conflict)
์๋ฏธ: ์ฌํ ๋ด ๋ค์ํ ์ง๋จ ๊ฐ์ ์ดํด๊ด๊ณ ์ถฉ๋์ด๋ ์๊ฒฌ ์ฐจ์ด๋ก ์ธํด ๋ฐ์ํ๋ ๊ธด์ฅ, ๋๋ฆฝ ํ์.
Meaning: A phenomenon of tension and confrontation arising from conflicts of interest or differences of opinion among various groups within society.
ํ์ฉ: ์ํต๊ณผ ํํ์ ๋ถ์กฑ์ ์ฌํ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ์ฌํ์ํค๊ณ ์ฌํ ํตํฉ์ ์ ํดํฉ๋๋ค.
Usage: Lack of communication and compromise deepens social conflict and hinders social integration.
5. ์ ๋ณด ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ (Digital Divide)
์๋ฏธ: ์ ๋ณด ํต์ ๊ธฐ์ (ICT)์ ๋ํ ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ ๋ฐ ํ์ฉ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋ก ์ธํด ๋ฐ์ํ๋ ์ฌํ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ.
Meaning: Socioeconomic disparity arising from differences in accessibility and ability to utilize Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
ํ์ฉ: ๊ณ ๋ น์ธต์ด๋ ์ ์๋์ธต์ ์ค๋งํธ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์ฌ์ฉ์ ์ด๋ ค์์ ๊ฒช์ผ๋ฉฐ ์ ๋ณด ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ฒด๊ฐํ๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค.
Usage: The elderly and low-income groups experience difficulties in using smart devices and feel the digital divide.
6. ์ฒญ๋ ์ค์ (Youth Unemployment)
์๋ฏธ: ๊ฒฝ์ ํ๋์ ํ ์์ฌ์ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์๋ ์ฒญ๋ ์ธต์ด ์ผ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์ง ๋ชปํ๋ ์ํ.
Meaning: The state where young people who are willing and able to work cannot find jobs.
ํ์ฉ: ์ฌ๊ฐํ ์ฒญ๋ ์ค์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์ฌํ ๋ถ์์ ์ ์ผ๊ธฐํ๊ณ ๋ฏธ๋ ์ฑ์ฅ์ ๋๋ ฅ์ ์ฝํ์ํต๋๋ค.
Usage: The serious problem of youth unemployment causes social instability and weakens the driving force for future growth.
์ด ์ธ์๋ '๋น๊ณค', '๋ฒ์ฃ์จ', '์ฃผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฌธ์ ', '๊ต์ก ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ', '์ฐจ๋ณ', '์ธ๋ ๊ฐ๋ฑ', '์ง์ญ ๋ถ๊ท ํ' ๋ฑ ๋ค์ํ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ด๋ จ ์ดํ๋ฅผ ํจ๊ป ์ตํ๋ฉด ์ข์ต๋๋ค.
In addition to these, it is good to learn various other terms related to social issues such as 'poverty', 'crime rate', 'housing issues', 'education gap', 'discrimination', 'generational conflict', and 'regional imbalance'.
๐ Hidden Grammar Gems ๐
- ~๋ก ์ธํด (ro inhae) | [๋ก ์ธํด] | Due to, because of
- ~์ ๋ํ (e daehan) | [์ ๋หํ] | About, regarding
- ~๋ ๋ฌผ๋ก (neun mullon) | [๋ ๋ฌผ๋ก ] | Not to mention, as well as
- ~์/๊ณผ ๊ด๋ จ ๊น๋ค (wa/gwa gwallyeon gipda) | [์/๊ณผ ๊ด๋ จ ๊น๋ฐ] | Be closely related to
- ~์/๋ฅผ ์ผ๊ธฐํ๋ค (eul/reul yagihada) | [์/๋ฅผ ์ผ๊ธฐํ๋ค] | To cause, to bring about
- ~์/๋ฅผ ์ ํดํ๋ค (eul/reul jeohaehada) | [์/๋ฅผ ์ ํดํ๋ค] | To hinder, to impede
- ~์/๋ฅผ ์ฒด๊ฐํ๋ค (eul/reul chegamhada) | [์/๋ฅผ ์ฒด๊ฐํ๋ค] | To feel, to experience firsthand
- ~๋/์ ๋ฌผ๋ก ~๋ (neun/eun mullon ~do) | [๋/์ ๋ฌผ๋ก ~๋] | Not only ~ but also ~
๋ง๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ๋ฉฐ
์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ TOPIK ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์ํ์์ ์ถ์ ๋น์ค์ด ๋์ ์ค์ํ ์์ญ์ ๋๋ค. ์ค๋ ํ์ตํ ํ์ ์ดํ๋ค๊ณผ ํต๊ณ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ๋ค์ํ ์ฌํ ํ์์ ๋ถ์ํ๊ณ ํด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ์์ ๋ชจ์ํ๋ ๊ธ์ ์ฐ๋ ์ฐ์ต์ ๊พธ์คํ ํ๋ค๋ฉด, ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์์ญ์์ ๋ถ๋ช ์ข์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ป์ผ์ค ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ ๋๋ค.
Social issues are an important area with high weighting in the TOPIK Writing test. If you consistently practice writing texts that analyze various social phenomena and explore solutions based on the essential vocabulary and statistical data learned today, you will surely be able to achieve good results in the writing section.
- ๊ณต์ ๋งํฌ ๋ง๋ค๊ธฐ
- X
- ์ด๋ฉ์ผ
- ๊ธฐํ ์ฑ
Lost in the 2,000+ assets? Go back to the Roadmap.
๐ BACK TO MASTER HUB