๐Ÿ˜ฑ Top-Level Korean Grammar and Expressions③ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ, ์–ด๋–กํ•ด?

ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด: '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' vs '์–ด๋–กํ•ด'? ๋ช…์พŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ | Confusing Korean for Foreigners: A Complete Guide to 'Eotteoke' vs 'Eotteokhae'

๐Ÿค” ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด: ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ vs ์–ด๋–กํ•ด?

๐Ÿ”ฅ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๐Ÿ”ฅ | ๐Ÿ”ฅ Top-Level Korean Grammar ๐Ÿ”ฅ

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์ฏค ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ'์™€ '์–ด๋–กํ•ด'์ธ๋ฐ์š”. ์–ธ๋œป ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋น„์Šทํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๋‘ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์“ฐ์ž„์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

For Korean learners, there are expressions that often cause confusion: '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' (eotteoke) and '์–ด๋–กํ•ด' (eotteokhae). While they might seem similar at first glance, these two expressions have completely different meanings and uses. In this article, we will clarify the differences between these two expressions and teach you how to use them accurately.

๐Ÿ”Ž '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' ํŒŒํ—ค์น˜๊ธฐ

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ํ˜น์€ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ [์–ด๋– ์ผ€]์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

The expression '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' is used when we are curious about the method, way, or means of doing something. The pronunciation is similar to [eotteoke].

๐Ÿ’ฌ ์˜ˆ์‹œ 1:

์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ’€์–ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?

How should I solve this difficult problem?

๐Ÿ’ฌ ์˜ˆ์‹œ 2:

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์„๊นŒ์š”?

How should I study Korean?

์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ | eotteoke | How? In what way?
(์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ)

❗ '์–ด๋–กํ•ด' ์งš์–ด๋ณด๊ธฐ

๋ฐ˜๋ฉด '์–ด๋–กํ•ด'๋Š” "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด"๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“  ๋ง๋กœ, ์ฃผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋А๋ผ๋Š” ๋†€๋žŒ, ๊ฑฑ์ •, ๋‹นํ™ฉ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ๋Š” ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‚œ์ฒ˜ํ•จ์ด๋‚˜ ์•ˆํƒ€๊นŒ์›€์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ [์–ด๋– ์บ]์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

On the other hand, '์–ด๋–กํ•ด' is a shortened form of "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด" (eotteoke hae), and it is primarily used to express emotions such as surprise, worry, or confusion when faced with an unexpected situation. At times, it can also convey awkwardness or regret. The pronunciation is similar to [eotteokhae].

๐Ÿ˜ฑ ์˜ˆ์‹œ 1:

์–ด๋–กํ•ด! ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์•ฝ์† ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ์–ด์š”!

Oh no! I forgot an important appointment!

๐Ÿ˜ฑ ์˜ˆ์‹œ 2:

๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์™€์„œ ์ง‘์— ์–ด๋–กํ•ด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ฃ ?

It's raining so heavily, what should I do to get home?

์–ด๋–กํ•ด | eotteokhae | What should I/we do? Oh no!
(์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐํƒ„์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ๋ฌป๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„)

๐Ÿ”‘ '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' vs '์–ด๋–กํ•ด' ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์ด ๋‘ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.

To avoid confusing these two expressions, remember the following two key points.

ํ•ต์‹ฌ 1: ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ € ์—†์ด '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋‚˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ์ ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Key 1: When asking about a method or means, use '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' without hesitation. This is appropriate when you want to know the procedure or process of an action.
ํ•ต์‹ฌ 2: ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” '์–ด๋–กํ•ด'๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด๋‚˜, ๊ฑฑ์ •, ๋‚œ์ฒ˜ํ•จ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ๋•Œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Key 2: When expressing emotion, choose '์–ด๋–กํ•ด'. This is natural when reacting to a sudden situation or expressing worry, awkwardness, etc.

์ถ”๊ฐ€ ํŒ: '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์™€์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, '์–ด๋–กํ•ด'๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ๊ฐํƒ„์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์“ฐ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋’ค์— ์ข…๊ฒฐ์–ด๋ฏธ '์š”?' ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Additional Tip: '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' is usually followed by a verb to continue a question or explanation, whereas '์–ด๋–กํ•ด' is often used as an exclamation itself, or followed by an ending like '์š”?' to express emotion.

๐Ÿ—ฃ️ ๋Œ€ํ™” ์† ์˜คํ•ด ํ’€๊ธฐ

๐Ÿง” ๋งˆ์ดํฌ: ๋ฏผ์ˆ˜ ์”จ, ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–กํ•ด ์จ์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
Mike: Minsu, I don't know what to do about writing this week's report.
๐Ÿ’ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด์Šค: ๋ฏผ์ˆ˜ ์”จ, ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋ฉด "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์จ์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ"๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋•Œ ์“ฐ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
Grace: Minsu, if you're curious about the method of writing the report, it's more natural to say "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์จ์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”" because "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ" is used when asking about a method.
๐Ÿง” ๋งˆ์ดํฌ: ์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”! "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ" ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํฐ์ผ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”! ๋ฐœํ‘œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์™”์–ด์š”! ์–ด๋–กํ•ด ํ•˜์ฃ ?
Mike: Ah, I see! So it's "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ" to ask for the method. But a big problem has occurred! I left the presentation materials at home! What should I do?
๐Ÿ’ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด์Šค: ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋ฏผ์ˆ˜ ์”จ์˜ ๊ฐ์ • ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๋„ค์š”! ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์˜จ ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›€๊ณผ ๊ฑฑ์ •์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” "์–ด๋–กํ•ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Grace: This time, your expression of emotion is accurate, Minsu! When expressing the embarrassment and worry of leaving the materials behind, using "์–ด๋–กํ•ด" is correct.
๐Ÿง” ๋งˆ์ดํฌ: ์ด์ œ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”! ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋• '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ', ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋  ๋• '์–ด๋–กํ•ด'!
Mike: Now I definitely understand! When asking about a method, it's '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ', and when you're confused or worried, it's '์–ด๋–กํ•ด'!

๐Ÿ“š ๊ด€๋ จ ํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋” ๋ณด๊ธฐ

'์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ'์™€ '์–ด๋–กํ•ด' ์™ธ์—๋„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์—๋Š” ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด [ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• 5๊ฐ€์ง€]์™€ [ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„] ๊ธ€์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊พธ์ค€ํ•œ ํ•™์Šต์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋” ๋Œ์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Beyond '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' and '์–ด๋–กํ•ด', there are many easily confused expressions in Korean. For deeper learning, refer to the articles [5 Korean Grammar Points Even Koreans Get Wrong] and [Confusing Business Korean Expressions]. Consistent study will elevate your Korean skills to the next level.

๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ œ์ž‘์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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