๐Ÿ“šConfusing Business Korean(TOPIK essential) : ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค Vs ๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค

๐ŸŽฌํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•: '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค' vs. '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค' ๋ฌธ์ œํ’€์ด (Confusing Korean Grammar: '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค' vs. '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค' Quiz)

๐ŸŽฌํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•
Confusing Korean Grammar

'๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค' vs. '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค' ๋ฌธ์ œํ’€์ด๋กœ ์™„๋ฒฝ ์ •๋ฆฌ
Mastering with a Quiz

๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค์™€ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค์˜ ์ฐจ์ด

✨ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ ์š”์•ฝ
Summary of Key Concepts

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค'์™€ '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” **์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.**
Let's review the core difference between the most confusing Korean verbs '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค' and '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค', and check your understanding with practice questions.

๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ตํ˜€๋ณด์„ธ์š”!
Master the exact meanings and usage of the two verbs!

๐Ÿ’ก ๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค (neul-i-da): **๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„“ํž ๋•Œ** ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(Used to physically lengthen something or expand an abstract scope.)

๐Ÿ’ก ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค (neul-li-da): **์–‘, ์ˆ˜, ๊ทœ๋ชจ, ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งŽ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋•Œ** ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(Used to increase or expand a quantity, number, size, or scope.)

๐Ÿ“Œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ ๋ณต์Šต (Review Example)

๋ฐ”์ง“๋‹จ์„ ๋Š˜๋ ธ๋‹ค. (❌ ํ‹€๋ฆผ) →๋ฐ”์ง“๋‹จ์„ ๋Š˜์˜€๋‹ค. (✅ **๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค** →๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ธธ์ด)
(I lengthened the pant hems. (X) → lengthened the pant hems. (O) - Physical length)

๐Ÿ“Œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ ๋ณต์Šต (Review Example)

ํ•™์ƒ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ธ๋‹ค. (✅ ๋งž์Œ) →ํ•™์ƒ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ธ๋‹ค. (✅ **๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค** → ์ˆ˜/์–‘์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€)
(I increased the number of students. (O) - Increase in number/quantity)

๐Ÿ“ ํ”ํžˆ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€
Common Mistakes

1. '์‹œ๊ฐ„'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ: '์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค'๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์–‘์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ญ์ƒ '์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(In the case of 'time': '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค' is an incorrect expression for time. Since time is a concept of quantity, not physical length, **'๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'** is always the correct form.)

2. 'ํž˜'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ: 'ํž˜์„ ๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค'๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํž˜์€ ์–‘์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'ํž˜์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(In the case of 'strength': '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค' is an incorrect expression for strength. Since strength is a concept of quantity, **'๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'** is the correct form.)


๐Ÿ“ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ
Practice Questions

๋ฌธ์ œ 1: ๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.
A: "์ด ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฝ‰ ๊ปด. ์ข€ **(A)** ์‹ถ์–ด."
B: "๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ **(B)** ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?"

  • ① **(A) ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ ** / **(B) ๋Š˜๋ฆด**
  • ② **(A) ๋Š˜์ด๊ณ ** / **(B) ๋Š˜์ผ**
  • ③ **(A) ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ ** / **(B) ๋Š˜์ผ**
  • ④ **(A) ๋Š˜์ด๊ณ ** / **(B) ๋Š˜๋ฆด**

๋ฌธ์ œ 2: ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.
"ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง์› ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ **(_____________)** ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."

  • ① ๋Š˜์—ฌ์„œ
  • ② ๋Š˜๋ ค์„œ

๋ฌธ์ œ 3: ๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.

  • ① ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฌ์‚ฐ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋Š˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ② ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์˜€๋‹ค.
  • ③ ์ค„์„ ์žก์•„๋‹น๊ฒจ ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์˜€๋‹ค.
  • ④ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‹ซ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Š˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ฌธ์ œ 4: ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฐ‘์ค„ ์นœ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.

1. ํšŒ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Š˜๋ ค์„œ ์žก์•˜๋‹ค.
2. ์ฒด๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งค์ผ ์šด๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค.
3. ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ค„์„ ๋Š˜์—ฌ์„œ ๊ณผ๋…์„ ๋งžํ˜”๋‹ค.
4. ๊ฒจ์šธ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ชธ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋Š˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ① 1๋ฒˆ
  • ② 2๋ฒˆ
  • ③ 3๋ฒˆ
  • ④ 4๋ฒˆ

๋ฌธ์ œ 5: ๋‹ค์Œ ๋นˆ์นธ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋ง์ด ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.

ใ„ฑ. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๊นจ๋ฅผ ์œผ์“ฑํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ชฉ์„ **(__________)** ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
ใ„ด. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ€๋Š” ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ **(__________)** ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‹ค.

  • ① ใ„ฑ: ๋Š˜์ด๊ณ , ใ„ด: ๋Š˜๋ฆด
  • ② ใ„ฑ: ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ใ„ด: ๋Š˜์ผ
  • ③ ใ„ฑ: ๋Š˜์ด๊ณ , ใ„ด: ๋Š˜์ผ
  • ④ ใ„ฑ: ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ใ„ด: ๋Š˜๋ฆด

๐Ÿ”‘ ์ •๋‹ต ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ค
Answer Key and Explanation

✅ ๋ฌธ์ œ 1 ์ •๋‹ต: ②
(A) '์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝ‰ ๊ปด์„œ' ๋Š˜์—ฌ์„œ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, **๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธธ์ด**๋‚˜ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์˜ '**๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค**'์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ˜• '๋Š˜์ด๊ณ '๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(A) Since it means you want to stretch the shirt to make it comfortable, you should use '๋Š˜์ด๊ณ ,' the connective form of '**๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค**,' which means to increase **physical length** or volume.

(B) ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๋ง์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์—ญ์‹œ **๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธธ์ด**๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” '**๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค**'์˜ ๊ด€ํ˜•์‚ฌํ˜• '๋Š˜์ผ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(B) Since it's asking if you will lengthen it, you should also use '๋Š˜์ผ,' the adnominal form of '**๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค**,' which indicates **physical length**.

✅ ๋ฌธ์ œ 2 ์ •๋‹ต: ②
์ง์› ์ˆ˜๋Š” **'์ˆซ์ž'**๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, **์–‘/์ˆ˜/๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€**์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์˜ '**๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค**'์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ˜• '**๋Š˜๋ ค์„œ**'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ('๋Š˜์—ฌ์„œ'๋Š” '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค'์˜ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.)
Since the number of employees refers to a **'number,'** you should use '**๋Š˜๋ ค์„œ**,' the connective form of '**๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค**,' which means to **increase a quantity/number/scale**. ('๋Š˜์—ฌ์„œ' is the inflected form of '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค'.)

✅ ๋ฌธ์ œ 3 ์ •๋‹ต: ③
① ์žฌ์‚ฐ์€ **์ˆ˜/์–‘**์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์žฌ์‚ฐ์ด **๋Š˜์—ˆ๋‹ค** - '๋Š˜๋‹ค'์˜ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•)
① Since '์žฌ์‚ฐ' (property/wealth) is a **number/quantity**, '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค' is correct. ('๋Š˜์—ˆ๋‹ค' is the inflected form of '๋Š˜๋‹ค'.)
② ์‚ฌ์ง„ ํ™•๋Œ€๋Š” **ํฌ๊ธฐ/๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€**์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (ํฌ๊ฒŒ **๋Š˜๋ ธ๋‹ค**)
② Since enlarging a photo is an **increase in size/scale**, '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค' is correct. (ํฌ๊ฒŒ **๋Š˜๋ ธ๋‹ค**)
③ ์ค„์€ **๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธธ์ด**์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ '**๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค**'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๊ธธ๊ฒŒ **๋Š˜์˜€๋‹ค**)
③ Since a '์ค„' (rope/line) is a **physical length**, '**๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค**' is correct. (๊ธธ๊ฒŒ **๋Š˜์˜€๋‹ค**)
④ ๋‹ซ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ **์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์–‘/๊ธฐ๊ฐ„**์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ **๋Š˜๋ ธ๋‹ค**)
④ Since closing time refers to the **amount/duration of time**, '๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค' is correct. (์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ **๋Š˜๋ ธ๋‹ค**)

✅ ๋ฌธ์ œ 4 ์ •๋‹ต: ②
'์ฒด๋ ฅ'์€ ์–‘์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ **'๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'**๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ '์ฒด๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด'๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Since '์ฒด๋ ฅ' (physical strength) is an abstract concept that means a quantity or scale, you should use **'๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'**. Therefore, '์ฒด๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด' is the correct expression.

✅ ๋ฌธ์ œ 5 ์ •๋‹ต: ①
ใ„ฑ. '๋ชฉ์„ ๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ **'๋Š˜์ด๊ณ '**๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ใ„ฑ. '๋Š˜์ด๋‹ค' is used for lengthening the physical length of one's neck, so '**๋Š˜์ด๊ณ **' is correct.
ใ„ด. '์ž๋…€'๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ **'๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'**๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ '๋Š˜๋ฆด'์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ใ„ด. Since '์ž๋…€' (children) refers to a number, you should use **'๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค,'** and therefore '๋Š˜๋ฆด' is correct.

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