TOPIK II μ°κΈ° 54λ² π μμλ¬Έμ (9) κΈ°νλ³νμ μν μ μ€μ² : Writing Question 54: Climate Change and Daily Practice
TOPIK 54λ² μ 볡! νλμ© λ°λΌν΄λ³΄μΈμ π
Conquer TOPIK 54! Follow along step-by-step π
# TOPIK II μ°κΈ° 54λ²: κΈ°νλ³νμ μν μ μ€μ² Writing Question 54: Climate Change and Daily Practice
[ν΅μ¬ μ΄ν λ° λ¬Έλ²μΌλ‘ μ΄λ] [Go to Core Vocabulary and Grammar]
μμλ¬Έμ Previous exam questions
λ¬Έμ : μ°λ¦¬ μ¬νμμ κΈ°νλ³νκ° μ¬κ°ν΄μ§λ μμΈμ 무μμΈμ§ μ€λͺ νκ³ , μ΄ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν΄κ²°νκΈ° μν μν μ μ€μ² λ°©μμ λν΄ λ Όμ νμμ€. Q : Explain the causes of deepening climate change in our society, and discuss the daily life practices to solve this problem.
κΈ°νλ³νμ μμΈ (Causes of Climate Change)
κΈ°νλ³νλ λ μ΄μ μΈλ©΄ν μ μλ μ μ§κ΅¬μ μΈ λ¬Έμ κ° λμμ΅λλ€. μ΄λ¬ν νμμ κ°μ₯ ν° μμΈμ λ°λ‘ 'μΈκ°μ νλ'μ λλ€. μ°μ ν μ΄ν νμ μ°λ£ μ¬μ©μ΄ κΈμ¦νλ©΄μ μ΄μ°ννμμ κ°μ μ¨μ€κ°μ€ λ°°μΆλμ΄ κΈκ²©ν λμ΄λ¬μ΅λλ€. μ΄λ‘ μΈν΄ μ§κ΅¬μ νκ· κΈ°μ¨μ΄ μμΉνλ μ§κ΅¬μ¨λνκ° κ°μνλκ³ μμ΅λλ€. λν, 무λΆλ³ν μΌλ¦Ό λ²μ±μ μμ° μνκ³ νκ΄΄λ μ§κ΅¬μ μμ λ₯λ ₯μ μ½νμμΌ κΈ°νλ³νμ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό λμ± μ¬νμν€κ³ μμ΅λλ€. Climate change has become a **global issue** that can no longer be ignored. The biggest cause of this phenomenon is **'human activity.'** Since industrialization, the use of fossil fuels has skyrocketed, leading to a rapid increase in **greenhouse gas emissions** like carbon dioxide. This has accelerated **global warming**, which is causing the Earth's average temperature to rise. Furthermore, reckless deforestation and the destruction of natural ecosystems are weakening the planet's **self-purification ability**, further **deepening the problem** of climate change.
ν΄κ²°μ μν μν μ μ€μ² (Daily Practices for Solutions)
μ¬κ°ν΄μ§λ κΈ°νλ³νμ λ§μκΈ° μν΄μλ κ±°μ°½ν μ μ± λΏλ§ μλλΌ, μ°λ¦¬ κ°κ°μΈμ μν μ μ€μ²μ΄ μ€μν©λλ€. λ¨Όμ , 'μλμ§ μ μ½'μ΄ κ°μ₯ κΈ°λ³Έμ μ λλ€. μ¬μ©νμ§ μλ μ μκΈ°κΈ°μ νλ¬κ·Έλ₯Ό λ½κ±°λ λμ€κ΅ν΅μ μ΄μ©νλ κ²λ§μΌλ‘λ νμ λ°°μΆλμ μ€μΌ μ μμ΅λλ€. λ€μμΌλ‘, 'μμ μνμ μν λ Έλ ₯'μ΄ νμν©λλ€. μ¬νμ©μ μ² μ ν νκ³ , μΌνμ©ν μ¬μ©μ μ€μ΄λ©°, ν λΈλ¬λ μ₯λ°κ΅¬λλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νλ μ΅κ΄μ λ€μ΄λ κ²μ΄ μ’μ΅λλ€. μ΄λ¬ν μμ μ€μ²λ€μ΄ λͺ¨μ¬ ν° λ³νλ₯Ό μ΄λμ΄λΌ μ μμ΅λλ€. To **confront** the worsening climate change, not only grand policies but also **daily practices** of each individual are important. First, **'energy conservation'** is the most basic step. Simply unplugging electronic devices when not in use or using public transportation can reduce carbon emissions. Next, **'efforts for resource circulation'** are needed. It is good to be thorough with recycling, reduce the use of disposable items, and get into the habit of using tumblers or reusable bags. These small practices can gather to **bring about** great change.
ν΅μ¬ μ΄ν λ° λ¬Έλ² Core Vocabulary & Grammar
π μ΄ν 1: μ μ§κ΅¬μ (jeon-ji-gu-jeok)
λ°μ: (μ μ§κ΅¬μ )
μλ―Έ: μ§κ΅¬ μ 체μ κ±ΈμΉ. μ μΈκ³μ μΈ. TOPIK 54λ²μμλ μ¬νμ λλ νκ²½μ λ¬Έμ μ μ¬κ°μ±μ κ°μ‘°ν λ μ¬μ©νκΈ° μ’μ κ³ κΈ ννμ
λλ€. μ μ¬μ΄λ‘λ ‘μΈκ³μ ’, ‘κ΅μ μ ’ λ±μ΄ μμ΅λλ€.
(Spanning the entire globe; global. It's a high-level expression good for emphasizing the seriousness of social or environmental issues in TOPIK 54. Synonyms include 'worldwide' and 'international'.)
νμ© μμ 1: **μ μ§κ΅¬μ μΈ** κΈ°ν μκΈ°μ 곡λμΌλ‘ λμ²ν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. (We must jointly address the **global** climate crisis.)
νμ© μμ 2: μ½λ‘λ19λ **μ μ§κ΅¬μ μΈ** ν¬λ°λ―Ήμ μ΄λνμ΅λλ€. (COVID-19 has caused a **global** pandemic.)
π μ΄ν 2: μμ λ₯λ ₯ (ja-jeong neung-ryeok)
λ°μ: (μμ λ₯λ ₯)
μλ―Έ: μ€μ€λ‘ μ€μΌλ κ²μ κΉ¨λνκ² λ§λλ λ₯λ ₯. νκ²½ λ¬Έμ λ μ¬ν λ¬Έμ λ±μμ μμ€ν
μ΄ μ€μ€λ‘ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν΄κ²°νλ λ₯λ ₯μ μ€λͺ
ν λ μ¬μ©λ©λλ€. λ°μμ΄λ μμ΅λλ€.
(The ability to purify itself. It's used to describe a system's ability to solve problems on its own, such as in environmental or social issues. There are no direct antonyms.)
νμ© μμ 1: μμ°μ **μμ λ₯λ ₯**μ λ―Ώκ³ νκ²½ 보νΈμ μνν ν΄μλ μ λ©λλ€. (We should not neglect environmental protection by trusting in nature's **self-purification ability**.)
νμ© μμ 2: μ¬νμ **μμ λ₯λ ₯**μ΄ μ½νλλ©΄ λΆμ λΆν¨κ° λ§μ°νκ² λ©λλ€. (If a society's **self-purification ability** weakens, corruption becomes rampant.)
π μ΄ν 3: μ¨μ€κ°μ€ (on-sil-ga-seu)
λ°μ: (μ¨μ€κ°μ€)
μλ―Έ: μ§κ΅¬λ₯Ό μ¨μ€μ²λΌ λ₯κ² λ§λλ κ°μ€. μ΄μ°ννμ, λ©ν λ±μ΄ λνμ μ
λλ€.
(Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, like a greenhouse. Carbon dioxide and methane are typical examples.)
νμ© μμ 1: **μ¨μ€κ°μ€** λ°°μΆλμ μ€μ΄κΈ° μν΄ λ Έλ ₯ν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. (We must strive to reduce **greenhouse gas** emissions.)
νμ© μμ 2: **μ¨μ€κ°μ€**λ μ§κ΅¬μ¨λνμ μ£Όμ μμΈμ λλ€. (**Greenhouse gases** are a main cause of global warming.)
π λ¬Έλ² 1: ~μ μ§λ©΄νλ€ / ~μ λ§μλ€
μλ―Έ: "~μ λ§μλ€, ~λ₯Ό λ§μ£Όνλ€"λΌλ μλ―Έλ‘, μ΄λ €μ΄ μν©μ΄λ μνμ μΈ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό μ€λͺ ν λ μ¬μ©ν©λλ€. TOPIK 54λ²μμ λ¬Έμ μ μ μ μν λ ν¨κ³Όμ μΈ ννμ λλ€. (Used to describe a difficult or threatening situation, meaning "to face" or "to confront." It's an effective expression for presenting problems in TOPIK 54.)
νμ© μμ 1: μ°λ¦¬λ μλ‘μ΄ μλμ **μ§λ©΄νμ¬** λ§μ λμ μ λ°κ³ μμ΅λλ€. (We are **facing** many challenges **in the face of** a new era.)
νμ© μμ 2: κΈ°νλ³νλΌλ μκΈ°μ **λ§μκΈ° μν΄** λͺ¨λμ λ Έλ ₯μ΄ νμν©λλ€. (Everyone's effort is needed **to confront** the crisis of climate change.)
π λ¬Έλ² 2: ~μ μ΄λνλ€ / ~μ μ΄λμ΄λ΄λ€
μλ―Έ: 'μ΄λνλ€'λ λΆμ μ μΈ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό, 'μ΄λμ΄λ΄λ€'λ κΈμ μ μΈ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°μ Έμ¬ λ μ¬μ©λ©λλ€. μ°κΈ°μμ μμΈκ³Ό κ²°κ³Ό κ΄κ³λ₯Ό λͺ ννκ² μ€λͺ ν λ μ μ©ν©λλ€. ('To bring about' or 'to cause.' 'μ΄λνλ€' is used for negative results, and 'μ΄λμ΄λ΄λ€' is used for positive results. It's useful for clearly explaining cause-and-effect relationships in writing.)
νμ© μμ 1: 무λΆλ³ν κ°λ°μ νκ²½ νκ΄΄λ₯Ό **μ΄λνμ΅λλ€**. (Reckless development **caused** environmental destruction.)
νμ© μμ 2: μμ μ€μ²μ΄ ν° λ³νλ₯Ό **μ΄λμ΄λΌ** μ μμ΅λλ€. (Small practices can **bring about** great change.)
π λ¬Έλ² 3: ~μ λν λ Όμκ° νμνλ€
μλ―Έ: νΉμ λ¬Έμ λ μ£Όμ μ λν΄ κΉμ΄ μλ ν λ‘ μ΄λ κ³ λ―Όμ΄ νμν¨μ λνλ΄λ ννμ λλ€. TOPIK 54λ²μμ λ Όμ μ κ²°λ‘ λΆλΆμ μμ£Ό νμ©λ©λλ€. (This expression indicates that in-depth discussion or consideration is needed on a specific issue or topic. It is often used in the conclusion of a TOPIK 54 essay.)
νμ© μμ 1: μ μΆμ° λ¬Έμ ν΄κ²°μ μν μ¬νμ μΈ **λ Όμκ° νμνλ€**. (A social **discussion is needed** to solve the low birth rate problem.)
νμ© μμ 2: μΈκ³΅μ§λ₯ μ€λ¦¬μ **λν λ Όμκ°** μκΈνλ€. (The **discussion on** AI ethics is urgent.)
μ€λ ₯ μ κ² μ°μ΅ λ¬Έμ Practice Question
μλ λ¬Έμ₯μ λΉμΉΈμ μλ§μ ννμ λ£μ΄ λ¬Έμ₯μ μμ±νμΈμ. (μ§λ©΄νλ€, μ΄λνλ€, μ΄λμ΄λ΄λ€ μ€ μ ν) (Complete the sentence by filling in the blank with the appropriate expression.)
μ΅κ·Ό λμ κ°λ°μ μνκ³ νκ΄΄λ₯Ό ______________. The recent urban development has ______________ the destruction of the ecosystem.
μ λ΅: μ΄λνμ΅λλ€