Learn Korean Grammar: 동사(v) + -고도 (Even After / Despite) | Topik & Korean Study
Mastering '동사 + -고도'
동사 + ~ (고)도 [Verb Stem + go-do] | "Even after / Despite having done"핵심 요약: '-고도'는 어떤 행동을 하고 난 뒤, 당연히 예상되는 결과와 전혀 다르고 의외인 정반대의 상황이 벌어질 때 사용하는 강조 연결어미입니다. 스포츠 뉴스에서 "11점을 내고도 패배했다"처럼 예상 밖의 반전 상황을 극적으로 표현할 때 자주 쓰입니다.
Executive Summary: The grammar pattern '-고도' attaches to verb stems to mean 'even after doing [verb]' or 'despite having done [verb]'. It emphasizes a sharp contrast between an action and its unexpected, ironic, or disappointing outcome (e.g., "Scoring 11 runs and STILL losing").
📺 Real News Video Masterclass
Watch the official JTBC sports news clip showcasing how national sports anchors use "11점 내고도" (even after scoring 11 runs) to report a dramatic KBO baseball comeback game.
🔍 Grammar Deep Dive: '동사 + -고도'
Formula: Verb Stem + -고도 (No matter whether the stem ends in a vowel or batchim)
- 내다 (to score/produce) ➔ 내 + 고도 = 내고도 (Even after scoring)
- 치다 (to hit) ➔ 치 + 고도 = 치고도 (Even after hitting)
- 보다 (to see/watch) ➔ 보 + 고도 = 보고도 (Even after seeing)
- 듣다 (to hear/listen) ➔ 듣 + 고도 = 듣고도 (Even after hearing)
- 알다 (to know) ➔ 알 + 고도 = 알고도 (Even while knowing / despite knowing)
Note: The particle -도 (even/also) is combined with -고 (and/after) to inject strong emotional nuance—often surprise, disappointment, regret, or disbelief.
💡 Core Nuances & Real News Usage
In the news headline: "14안타로 11점 내고도 끝내 지키지 못한 한화"
Normally, scoring 11 runs with 14 hits guarantees a victory. However, using -고도 highlights the stark contrast: "Despite scoring 11 runs with 14 hits, Hanwha couldn't keep the lead in the end."
📚 Extracted News Vocabulary Masterclass
Here are 5 key words extracted directly from this JTBC sports news report to expand your sports and news Korean vocabulary.
내다 [Nae-da] / To score (points), to yield
한화 타선이 1회에만 5점을 냈어요.
The Hanwha batting lineup scored 5 runs in the 1st inning alone.
역전패 [Yeok-jeon-pae] / Come-from-behind defeat
초반의 큰 리드를 지키지 못하고 역전패를 당했습니다.
They suffered a come-from-behind defeat after failing to protect an early big lead.
허용하다 [Heo-yong-ha-da] / To allow, to give up (runs/hits)
마운드가 흔들리며 연타석 홈런을 허용했습니다.
The mound shook and allowed back-to-back home runs.
범하다 [Beom-ha-da] / To commit (an error or mistake)
수비진이 결정적인 송구 실책과 보크를 범했습니다.
The defense committed a decisive throwing error and a balk.
끝내 [Kkeut-nae] / In the end, eventually (with negative result)
9회까지 추격했지만 끝내 승부를 뒤집지 못했습니다.
They pursued until the 9th inning, but eventually could not overturn the game.
✍️ Essential Grammar Blueprints in News
1. 동사 + -고도 [Even after / Despite -ing]
11점을 내고도 경기에서 패하고 말았습니다.
Even after scoring 11 runs, they ended up losing the game.
2. -아/어 보이다 [To look like / To seem]
연패 탈출이 눈앞에 보이는가 했는데 마운드가 흔들렸어요.
It looked like breaking the losing streak was right in front of them, but the pitching staff faltered.
3. -(으)면서 [While doing / As well as]
적시타에 보크까지 범하면서 점수 차가 벌어졌습니다.
The score gap widened while giving up timely hits and even committing a balk.
✏️ Interactive TOPIK Level 2-3 Quiz
Q1. 문법 '-고도'의 올바른 의미와 쓰임새는 무엇일까요? (What is the correct meaning and usage of '-고도'?)
Q2. 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 자연스러운 알맞은 표현을 골라보세요: "그 선수는 경고를 ( ) 계속 반칙을 했습니다."
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