TOPIK II μ“°κΈ° 54번 πŸ“„ μ˜ˆμƒλ¬Έμ œ: 광볡 80μ£Όλ…„! 'κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸ'은 κ³„μ†λœλ‹€_80th Anniversary of Liberation: The Struggle for Memory Continues.

κΈ°μ–΅λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ—­μ‚¬λŠ” λ˜ν’€μ΄λœλ‹€ | 'κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸ'의 의미

κΈ°μ–΅λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ—­μ‚¬λŠ” λ˜ν’€μ΄λœλ‹€ A History Not Remembered Is a History Repeated

ν‰ν™”μ˜ μ†Œλ…€μƒ (Statue of Peace)

κΈ°μ‚¬λ‘œ λ°°μš°λŠ” ν’μ„±ν•œ 우리말 ν‘œν˜„ πŸ“š Rich Korean Expressions from the Article πŸ“š

✏️ 이 κΈ°μ‚¬λŠ” 논리적이고 λ‹¨λ‹¨ν•œ λ¬Έμž₯으둜 생각을 μ „λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΌμƒμ—μ„œ ν™œμš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 깊이 μžˆλŠ” μ–΄νœ˜μ™€ ν‘œν˜„λ“€μ„ ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

✏️ This article conveys its thoughts in logical and solid sentences. Let's look at some insightful vocabulary and expressions we can use in our daily lives.

μ„€ 자리λ₯Ό μžƒλ‹€ (seol jarireul ilta)

μ–΄λ–€ μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μ‘΄μž¬κ°€ 더 이상 영ν–₯λ ₯을 λ°œνœ˜ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 인정받지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 상황을 λΉ„μœ μ μœΌλ‘œ ν‘œν˜„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 'μž…μ§€κ°€ 쒁아지닀'와 λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μ˜λ―Έμ§€λ§Œ, 더 근본적인 기반 μžμ²΄κ°€ μ‚¬λΌμ§€λŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ„ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.

This metaphorically expresses a situation where an opinion or existence can no longer exert influence or gain recognition. It's similar to 'one's position is narrowed' (μž…μ§€κ°€ 쒁아지닀), but implies the loss of a more fundamental foundation.

μ˜ˆμ‹œ: "μ§€λ‚˜μΉœ μƒμ—…μ£Όμ˜ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 순수 예술이 μ„€ 자리λ₯Ό μžƒμ–΄κ°€κ³  μžˆλ‹€."

Example: "Due to excessive commercialism, pure art is losing its ground."

퇴행 (ι€€θ‘Œ) (toehaeng)

'λ’€λ‘œ λ¬ΌλŸ¬λ‚˜λ‹€'λŠ” 뜻의 ν•œμžμ–΄λ‘œ, λ°œμ „ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κ³  였히렀 과거의 잘λͺ»λœ μƒνƒœλ‘œ λ˜λŒμ•„κ°€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. '역사적 퇴행', 'μ‹œλŒ€μ  퇴행'처럼 뢀정적인 역사 인식을 λΉ„νŒν•  λ•Œ 자주 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

A Sino-Korean word meaning 'to go backward', it signifies failing to progress and instead reverting to a past, flawed state. It is often used to criticize a negative perception of history, as in 'historical regression' (역사적 퇴행) or 'anachronistic regression' (μ‹œλŒ€μ  퇴행).

μ˜ˆμ‹œ: "닀양성을 μ‘΄μ€‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” νƒœλ„λŠ” μ‹œλŒ€μ°©μ˜€μ μΈ 퇴행일 뿐이닀."

Example: "An attitude that doesn't respect diversity is nothing but an anachronistic regression."

λ§žμ„œλ‹€ (matseoda)

μ–΄λ €μ›€μ΄λ‚˜ 뢀당함에 κ΅΄λ³΅ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  μ •λ©΄μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€ν•­ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 'λ°˜λŒ€ν•˜λ‹€'λ₯Ό λ„˜μ–΄, 적극적으둜 μ‹Έμš°κ³  μ €ν•­ν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯동적인 μ˜μ§€λ₯Ό λ‹΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

This means to confront difficulties or injustice head-on without surrendering. It goes beyond simply 'opposing' (λ°˜λŒ€ν•˜λ‹€) and contains an active will to fight and resist.

μ˜ˆμ‹œ: "κ·ΈλŠ” κ±°λŒ€ν•œ ꢌλ ₯의 뢀당함에 ν™€λ‘œ λ§žμ„œ μ‹Έμ› λ‹€."

Example: "He fought alone, standing up against the injustice of a great power."

-(으)γ„Ή 뿐이닀 (-eul ppunida)

'였직 그것 ν•˜λ‚˜λ°–μ— μ—†λ‹€'κ³  λ‹¨μ •ν•˜μ—¬ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” ν‘œν˜„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ¬Έμž₯의 λμ—μ„œ μ£Όμž₯의 핡심을 λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜κ³ , λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€μ•ˆμ΄ μ—†μŒμ„ κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Ό λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. (문법: λͺ…사 λ’€μ—λŠ” '뿐이닀', λ™μ‚¬λ‚˜ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬ λ’€μ—λŠ” '-(으)γ„Ή 뿐이닀' ν˜•νƒœ)

An expression used for emphasis, stating that there is 'only that one thing'. Used at the end of a sentence, it clarifies the core of an argument and strongly indicates that there are no other alternatives. (Grammar: '뿐이닀' follows a noun, while '-(으)γ„Ή 뿐이닀' follows a verb or adjective).

μ˜ˆμ‹œ: "λ‚΄κ°€ λ°”λΌλŠ” 것은 였직 진싀일 뿐이닀." / "μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έμ € 묡묡히 κ±Έμ–΄κ°ˆ 뿐이닀."

Example: "The only thing I want is the truth." / "We will just silently walk on."

μ—­μ„€ν•˜λ‹€ (εŠ›θͺͺν•˜λ‹€) (yeokseolhada)

'νž˜μ£Όμ–΄ λ§ν•˜λ‹€'λŠ” 뜻으둜, μžμ‹ μ˜ μ£Όμž₯을 κ°•ν•˜κ³  λ…Όλ¦¬μ μœΌλ‘œ νŽΌμΉ˜λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 'μ£Όμž₯'을 λ„˜μ–΄, 확신에 μ°¬ νƒœλ„λ‘œ 힘 있게 λ…Όμ¦ν•˜λŠ” λ‰˜μ•™μŠ€λ₯Ό ν’κΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.

Meaning 'to speak with force', it refers to presenting one's argument strongly and logically. It carries a nuance beyond a simple 'claim' (μ£Όμž₯), implying an argument made forcefully with conviction.

μ˜ˆμ‹œ: "μ‹œλ―Ό λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ” ν™˜κ²½ 보호의 μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ μ—­μ„€ν–ˆλ‹€."

Example: "The civic group forcefully argued for the importance of environmental protection."


✏️ 2025λ…„, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 광볡 80μ£Όλ…„μ΄λΌλŠ” 역사적인 μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ§žμ΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 80λ…„μ΄λΌλŠ” 세월은 ν•œ λ‚˜λΌμ˜ κ°•μ‚°κ³Ό μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 생각을 바꾸기에 μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, κ³Όμ—° μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 과거의 아픔을 μ˜¨μ „νžˆ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜κ³ , κ·Έ μœ„μ— μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 미래λ₯Ό μ„Έμš°κ³  μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”? <ν•œκ²¨λ ˆ>의 "κΉ€λŒ€μ€‘·μ˜€λΆ€μΉ˜ μ„ μ–Έ 27λ…„…λ˜ν’€μ΄λ˜λŠ” 역사 λΆ€μ •, κΈ°μ–΅μœΌλ‘œ λ§žμ„œμ•Ό"λΌλŠ” κΈ°μ‚¬λŠ” λ°”λ‘œ 이 'κΈ°μ–΅'의 μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œλ²ˆ μΌκΉ¨μ›Œ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.

✏️ In 2025, we face a historic moment: the 80th anniversary of Korea's liberation. A period of 80 years is long enough to change a nation's landscape and its people's thoughts. However, are we truly remembering the pains of the past and building a proper future upon them? An article from The Hankyoreh, titled "27 years since the Kim-Obuchi Declaration... We must counter repeated denials of history with memory," once again awakens us to the importance of this 'memory'.

역사λ₯Ό λŒ€ν•˜λŠ” 우리의 μžμ„Έ: ν•œκ²¨λ ˆ 기사 인용

"일본 μ •λΆ€κ°€ 역사λ₯Ό λΆ€μ •ν•˜λŠ” 일이 λ˜ν’€μ΄λ˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ” λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜λ‹€. 일본 μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ μš°κ²½ν™” 흐름 μ†μ—μ„œ, 식민지배와 μΉ¨λž΅μ „μŸμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μ„±κ³Ό μ‚¬μ£„μ˜ λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ μ„€ 자리λ₯Ό μžƒμ–΄κ°€κ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. 이런 퇴행에 λ§žμ„œλŠ” μœ μΌν•œ 길은 역사λ₯Ό μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜κ³ , κΈ°λ‘ν•˜κ³ , μ¦μ–Έν•˜λŠ” 일뿐이닀."

Our Stance on History: Quoting The Hankyoreh Article

"The reason the Japanese government repeatedly denies history is clear. Amidst the rightward shift in Japanese society, voices of reflection and apology for colonial rule and wars of aggression are losing their ground. The only way to counter this regression is to correctly remember, record, and testify to history."

✏️ 이 κΈ°μ‚¬λŠ” 일본 μ •λΆ€μ˜ λ°˜λ³΅λ˜λŠ” 역사 μ™œκ³‘κ³Ό 망언을 λΉ„νŒν•˜λ©°, κΉ€λŒ€μ€‘-μ˜€λΆ€μΉ˜ 곡동선언에 λ‹΄κ²Όλ˜ 화해와 λ―Έλž˜μ§€ν–₯적 κ΄€κ³„μ˜ 정신이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν›Όμ†λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ§€μ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 그에 λ§žμ„œλŠ” 우리의 κ°€μž₯ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 무기가 λ°”λ‘œ 'κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸ'μž„μ„ μ—­μ„€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

✏️ This article criticizes the Japanese government's repeated historical distortions and reckless remarks, pointing out how the spirit of reconciliation and future-oriented relations from the Kim-Dae-jung-Obuchi Joint Declaration is being undermined. It then powerfully argues that our strongest weapon against this is the 'memory struggle'.


였늘의 핡심 ν‘œν˜„: κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸ(θ¨˜ζ†Άι¬ͺ爭) Today's Key Expression: Memory Struggle

✏️ κΈ°μ‚¬μ—μ„œ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” 'κΈ°μ–΅'은 λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ κ³Όκ±°λ₯Ό μžŠμ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 차원을 λ„˜μ–΄μ„­λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” 'κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸ'μ΄λΌλŠ” κ°œλ…μœΌλ‘œ 이해할 λ•Œ λ”μš± λͺ…ν™•ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.

✏️ The 'memory' emphasized in the article goes beyond simply not forgetting the past. It becomes clearer when understood through the concept of 'memory struggle' (κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸ).

κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸμ΄λž€ λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ κ³Όκ±°λ₯Ό μžŠμ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μˆ˜λ™μ μΈ ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό λ„˜μ–΄, μ—­μ‚¬μ˜ 진싀을 μ§€ν‚€κ³  μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ κ³„μŠΉν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λŠ₯동적이고 μΉ˜μ—΄ν•œ 싸움을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

What is memory struggle?
It means more than the passive act of not forgetting; it signifies an active and intense fight to protect and correctly pass down historical truth.

μ™œ '투쟁'인가?
기얡은 μ €μ ˆλ‘œ λ³΄μ‘΄λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‹œκ°„μ˜ νλ¦„μ΄λΌλŠ” μžμ—°μ μΈ 망각에 λ§žμ„œμ•Ό ν•  뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, 역사λ₯Ό μ˜λ„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ§€μš°κ±°λ‚˜ μ™œκ³‘ν•˜λ €λŠ” μ„Έλ ₯에 적극적으둜 λŒ€ν•­ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” κ³Όκ±° μ‚¬μ‹€μ˜ 해석과 평가λ₯Ό λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Ό 'μ„œμ‚¬(narrative)의 μ „μŸ'이기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Why a 'struggle'?
Because memory is not preserved on its own. One must not only fight against the natural oblivion that comes with time but also actively resist forces that intentionally try to erase or distort history. It is also a 'war of narratives' surrounding the interpretation and evaluation of past events.

πŸ•―️ κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸμ˜ 방법:
- ν”Όν•΄ 사싀을 μ¦μ–Έν•˜κ³  널리 μ•Œλ¦¬λŠ” 일 (μˆ˜μš”μ‹œμœ„ λ“±)
- 자료λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ§‘ν•˜κ³  μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜μ—¬ 객관적 사싀을 κΈ°λ‘ν•˜λŠ” 일
- μ†Œλ…€μƒ, 기림비와 같은 상징물을 톡해 아픔을 κΈ°λ…ν•˜λŠ” 일
- κ΅μœ‘μ„ 톡해 λ‹€μŒ μ„ΈλŒ€μ—κ²Œ μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 역사관을 μ „μˆ˜ν•˜λŠ” 일

Methods of memory struggle:
- Testifying to and widely publicizing the damages suffered (e.g., Wednesday Demonstrations)
- Collecting and researching materials to record objective facts
- Commemorating the pain through symbols like the Statue of Peace and memorial monuments
- Instilling a correct view of history in the next generation through education

κ²°κ΅­ κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸμ€ 과거에 λ¨Έλ¬΄λŠ” ν–‰μœ„κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—­μ‚¬μ˜ 진싀을 λ°”λ‘œ μ„Έμ›Œ ν˜„μž¬μ˜ μ •μ˜λ₯Ό μ‹€ν˜„(사죄와 배상)ν•˜κ³ , λ‹€μ‹œλŠ” 같은 비극이 λ°˜λ³΅λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 미래λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ―Έλž˜μ§€ν–₯적인 μ‹€μ²œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Ultimately, memory struggle is not an act that dwells in the past. It is a future-oriented practice aimed at establishing historical truth to realize present justice (apology and reparations) and to create a future where such tragedies are not repeated.


✏️ 광볡 80주년을 μ•žλ‘κ³ , μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 무엇을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”? <ν•œκ²¨λ ˆ> 기사가 μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ λ˜μ§€λŠ” λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ” λΆ„λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 일본의 역사 뢀정에 κ°μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„λ…Έν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ„˜μ–΄, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ¨Όμ € 역사λ₯Ό 더 μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜κ³ , 더 널리 μ•Œλ¦¬κ³ , 더 끈질기게 증언해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 광볡을 μΌνšŒμ„± μ‚¬κ±΄μœΌλ‘œ 남겨두지 μ•Šκ³ , κ·Έ 정신을 였늘의 μ‚Ά μ†μ—μ„œ μ‹€μ²œν•˜λ €λŠ” 우리 μ„ΈλŒ€μ˜ 'κΈ°μ–΅νˆ¬μŸ'μ΄μ•Όλ§λ‘œ 광볡을 μ™„μ„±ν•˜λŠ” μ§„μ •ν•œ 힘이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

✏️ Ahead of the 80th anniversary of liberation, what should we do? The message The Hankyoreh article gives us is clear. Beyond emotionally reacting to Japan's denial of history, we must first remember our history more accurately, publicize it more widely, and testify to it more tenaciously. Not leaving liberation as a one-time event, but striving to practice its spirit in our lives today—our generation's 'memory struggle'—will be the true force that completes our liberation.

λ…λ¦½κΈ°λ…μ„œλͺ…

μ—°μŠ΅λ¬Έμ œ (Practice Questions)

ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ (Korean) μ˜μ–΄ (English)
λ‹€μŒ λΉˆμΉΈμ— μ•Œλ§žμ€ 단어λ₯Ό μ±„μš°μ„Έμš”: "그의 μ£Όμž₯은 κ·Όκ±°κ°€ λΆ€μ‘±ν•΄μ„œ 점점 _________." Fill in the blank with the appropriate phrase: "His argument lacks evidence, so it's gradually _________."
'퇴행'을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμž₯을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ³΄μ„Έμš”. Make a sentence using '퇴행' (regression).
λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯을 '-(으)γ„Ή 뿐이닀'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ°”κΏ”λ³΄μ„Έμš”: "μ œκ°€ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것은 ν‰ν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€." Change the following sentence using '-(으)γ„Ή 뿐이닀': "What I want is peace."