๐Ÿ”คTop 5 Korean Grammar Points Even Teachers Struggle to Teach④ '~ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค?'

๐ŸŽฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ถ”์ธก ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ (์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋„ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚œ์ด๋„!) - SUPER REAL KOREAN

๐ŸŽฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ถ”์ธก ํ‘œํ˜„!
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋„ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚œ์ด๋„!

By SUPER REAL KOREAN

Advanced Korean Grammar

๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ œ์ž‘์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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๐Ÿ“š ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ถ”์ธก ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ

'~๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค'๋ถ€ํ„ฐ '~๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค'๊นŒ์ง€, ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰˜์•™์Šค ํŒŒํ—ค์น˜๊ธฐ

์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ '์ถ”์ธก'ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '์ง์ž‘'ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์•„๋งˆ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด '~(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š”/(์œผ)ใ„น ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.

Hello everyone, when you want to 'guess' or 'estimate' something in Korean, what expression comes to mind first? Many of you probably think of '~(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š”/(์œผ)ใ„น ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค'.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์—๋Š” ์ด ์™ธ์—๋„ ์ •๋ง ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋น„์Šทํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ๋„ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธ€์—์„œ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ถ”์ธก ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๐Ÿš€

However, there are many other diverse guessing expressions in Korean, and even though they look similar, their nuances subtly differ depending on the situation and the basis. This article will clearly summarize confusing Korean guessing expressions for you! ๐Ÿš€

~๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค ๋‚œ์ด๋„: TOPIK I (Lv. 2)

Used to express the speaker's subjective thoughts, judgments, or general guesses about present, past, or future events/states.

์ถ”์ธก ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ค‘์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋‚œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

This is the most basic guessing expression. It can be used smoothly in almost all situations.

๋‚œ์ด๋„: TOPIK I (Lv. 2)

ํ˜•ํƒœ (Form):

  • ๋™์‚ฌ/ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์–ด๊ฐ„ + ~(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š”/(์œผ)ใ„น ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค (์‹œ์ œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”)

  • ๋ช…์‚ฌ + ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค / ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”

๋‰˜์•™์Šค (Nuance):

ํ™”์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ๋•Œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”์ธก์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Mainly used to express the speaker's subjective thoughts or judgments. The strength of the guess can vary depending on the situation.

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ (Examples):

  • ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. (๋ฏธ๋ž˜/์˜ˆ์ƒ)

    (I think the weather will be good today. - Future/Prediction)

  • ๋ฐ–์— ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. (ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก)

    (I think it's raining outside. - Guess about an ongoing event)

  • ์–ด์ œ ๋งŽ์ด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก)

    (I think I was very tired yesterday. - Guess about a past event)

  • ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํ•™์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. (๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก)

    (I think that person is a student. - Guess about a noun)

~๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค vs ~๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค ๋‚œ์ด๋„: TOPIK I-II (Lv. 3-4)

Used to make a guess based on observed facts (seeing, hearing, experiencing). '~๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค' is more intuitive and spoken, while '~๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค' is more based on outward appearance and can be slightly more formal.

๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ท€๋กœ ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„์Šทํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

These expressions are used to make a guess based on facts seen or heard, or on a situation directly experienced. They look similar, but the nuances are slightly different.

๋‚œ์ด๋„: TOPIK I-II (Lv. 3-4)

'~๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค'

ํ˜•ํƒœ (Form):

  • ๋™์‚ฌ/ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์–ด๊ฐ„ + ~๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค (ํ˜„์žฌ)

  • ~์•˜/์—ˆ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ)

  • ๋ช…์‚ฌ + ์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‹ค

๋‰˜์•™์Šค (Nuance):

์ง์ ‘ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋“ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์ด๋‚˜ ์˜์™ธ์˜ ๋А๋‚Œ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Used to guess a fact that has been newly learned through direct observation, hearing, or experience. It can sometimes include a feeling of surprise or unexpectedness. Mainly used in spoken language.

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ (Examples):

  • (์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์‚ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ) ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋‚˜ ๋ด์š”.

    ((Seeing a friend go out with an umbrella) I guess it's raining.)

  • (์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฅ์„ ์•ˆ ๋จน๊ณ  ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ ) ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๊ณ ํŒ ๋‚˜ ๋ด์š”.

    ((Knowing that a friend left without eating) I guess they weren't hungry.)

  • (๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ดˆ์ธ์ข… ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ ) ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์™”๋‚˜ ๋ด์š”.

    ((Hearing someone ring the doorbell) I guess someone has come.)

'~๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค'

ํ˜•ํƒœ (Form):

  • ๋™์‚ฌ + ~๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค (ํ˜„์žฌ), ~์•˜/์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ)

  • ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ + ~(์œผ)ใ„ด ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค (ํ˜„์žฌ), ~์•˜/์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ)

  • ๋ช…์‚ฌ + ์ธ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค

๋‰˜์•™์Šค (Nuance):

์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ๊ฒ‰๋ชจ์Šต์ด๋‚˜ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '~๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค'๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋” ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '~๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค'๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋А๋‚Œ์„ ์ค„ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Mainly used to make a guess based on outward appearance seen with the eyes or observed situations. It tends to focus more on objective evidence than '~na boda'. It can sometimes sound more formal than '~na boda'.

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ (Examples):

  • (์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ท์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒŒ ๊บผ๋‚ด ๋†“์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ) ์–ด๋”” ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด์—์š”.

    ((Seeing a friend taking out several clothes) It seems like they are going somewhere.)

  • (ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ) ์‹œํ—˜์ด ๋๋‚œ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด์—์š”.

    ((Seeing the students quiet) It seems like the exam is over.)

  • (๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ) ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ์ž” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด์—์š”.

    ((Seeing that person look tired) It seems like they couldn't sleep well.)

๐Ÿ’ก ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆผ ํฌ์ธํŠธ (Confusing Point):

๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ด€์ฐฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ, '~๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ์ง๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋А๋‚Œ, '~๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ์™ธํ˜•์ ์ธ ํŒ๋‹จ์— ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Both are observation-based, but there's a subtle difference: '~na boda' feels a bit more intuitive, while '~neun moyang-i-da' is closer to a judgment based on external appearance.

~์„/ใ„น์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค ๋‚œ์ด๋„: TOPIK I (Lv. 4)

Used to make a weak guess or express concern that something might happen, even if the possibility is not very high.

์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋†’์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ผ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Used to make a weak guess or express concern that something might happen, even if the possibility is not very high.

๋‚œ์ด๋„: TOPIK I (Lv. 4)

ํ˜•ํƒœ (Form):

  • ๋™์‚ฌ/ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์–ด๊ฐ„ + ~(์œผ)ใ„น์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค

๋‰˜์•™์Šค (Nuance):

๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ, ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ผ๋ ค๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Indicates uncertainty, low possibility, and sometimes concern about a negative outcome.

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ (Examples):

  • ๋‚ด์ผ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”. (์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์•ˆ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Œ)

    (It might rain tomorrow. - It may or may not rain)

  • ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜ ํ˜ผ๋‚ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”. (์—ผ๋ ค)

    (If I don't do my homework, I might get scolded by the teacher. - Concern)

  • ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. (๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก)

    He thought he might reject the proposal. (Guess about a low possibility)

๐Ÿ“ ์‹ค๋ ฅ ์ ๊ฒ€ (Test Your Skills) ๋‚œ์ด๋„: ALL

์•„๋ž˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์ถ”์ธก ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.

Read the sentences below and fill in the blanks with the appropriate guessing expressions.

1. (ํ•˜๋Š˜์— ๋จน๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด ์ž”๋œฉ ๋‚€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ) ๊ณง ๋น„๊ฐ€ .

((Seeing the sky full of dark clouds) It rain soon.)

2. (์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์ด ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ) ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด .

((My friend hasn't contacted me since this morning, so) Something happened.)

3. (๋ฐค๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถˆ์ด ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ) ์•„์ง ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— .

((Seeing the lights on late at night) They still at the office.)

์ •๋‹ต ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ค (Answers & Explanation):

1. ๊ณง ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. / ์˜ฌ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด์—์š”.
It seems like it will rain soon. / It looks like it will rain soon.
→ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚ ์”จ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ถ”์ธก์œผ๋กœ '๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2. ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‚˜ ๋ด์š”. / ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.
It seems like something happened. / Something might have happened.
→ '๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค'๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, '์„/ใ„น์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ผ๋ ค๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3. ์•„์ง ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ์žˆ๋‚˜ ๋ด์š”. / ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด์—์š”.
They seem to be still at the office. / It looks like they are still at the office.
→ ๋ถˆ์ด ์ผœ์ง„ ๊ฒ‰๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ œ์ž‘์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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