Topik_ π 곡μ§λ¬Έ μλ²½μ 볡 ν¬λ¬μ ν(5)_'~ μ νν΄', ' ~ γΉ κ²½μ°' _conditional' and 'restrictive' expressions
TOPIK 곡μ§λ¬Έ ν¬λ¬μ ν 5
"쑰건/νμ " νν
TOPIK Killer Types Announcement 5: Conditional and Restrictive Expressions
μλ νμΈμ! TOPIK 곡μ§λ¬Έ λ§μ€ν° μ¬ννΈ 5λΆμ λλ€. Hello! This is the fifth part of our in-depth series on mastering TOPIK announcements.
κ·Έλμ 곡μ§λ¬Έμ ν΅μ¬ μ 보μ λ Όλ¦¬μ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό νμ νλ λ°©λ²μ λ°°μ λλ°μ, μ€λμ TOPIK λ¬Έμ μ λμ΄λλ₯Ό λμ΄λ 'ν¬λ¬ μ ν'μΈ μμΈ μν©κ³Ό 쑰건μ λν΄ μ§μ€μ μΌλ‘ νκ³ λ€μ΄ λ³΄κ² μ΅λλ€. 곡μ§λ¬Έμ λͺ¨λμκ² λκ°μ΄ μ μ©λμ§ μλ μμΈμ μΈ κ²½μ°λ₯Ό μ’ μ’ ν¬ν¨νκ³ , μ΄ λΆλΆμ΄ λ°λ‘ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό μ΄λ ΅κ² λ§λλ ν¨μ μ΄ λ©λλ€. So far, we've learned how to identify key information and logical structures in announcements. Today, we'll focus on 'killer types' that increase the difficulty of TOPIK questions: exceptions and conditions. Announcements often contain exceptional cases that don't apply to everyone, and these become traps that make the questions difficult.
1. μμΈ λ° νΉλ³ μν©: '~μ μ μΈνκ³ ', '~μ νν΄' ⚠️
Exceptions and Special Conditions: '~μ μ μΈνκ³ ', '~μ νν΄'
곡μ§λ¬Έμ μΌλ°μ μΈ κ·μΉμ μ μν ν, νΉμ μν©μμλ λ€λ₯Έ κ·μΉμ΄ μ μ©λ¨μ μλ €μ£Όλ κ²½μ°κ° λ§μ΅λλ€. μ΄ μμΈ μν©μ λμΉμ§ μλ κ²μ΄ κ³ λμ μ ν΅μ¬μ λλ€. Announcements often present a general rule, then inform you that a different rule applies in specific situations. Not missing these exceptions is key to getting a high score.
~μ μ μΈνκ³ (Excluding/Except for)
μλ―Έ: μ 체 μ€μμ νΉμ λΆλΆμ λΉΌκ³ λλ¨Έμ§μλ§ ν΄λΉν¨μ λνλ λλ€. 'excluding', 'except for'μ κ°μ λ»μ λλ€. Meaning: Indicates that something applies only to the remainder after a specific part is removed from the whole. It means 'excluding' or 'except for'.
μμ: "μ£Όλ§μ μ μΈνκ³ νμΌμλ§ μ μ²μ΄ κ°λ₯ν©λλ€." Example: "You can apply only on weekdays, excluding weekends."
(Explanation): μ£Όλ§μλ μ μ²ν μ μλ€λ μλ―Έμ λλ€. λ¬Έμ μμ 'μ£Όλ§μλ μ μ²ν μ μλ€'μ κ°μ μ€λ΅μ κ³ λ₯΄μ§ μλλ‘ μ£Όμν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. It means you cannot apply on weekends. Be careful not to choose a wrong answer like 'You can also apply on weekends'.
~μ νν΄ (Limited to/Only for)
μλ―Έ: νΉμ 쑰건μ΄λ λ²μμλ§ ν΄λΉλ¨μ λνλ λλ€. '~λ§', '~μκ²λ§'κ³Ό κ°μ λ»μΌλ‘, λ²μλ₯Ό μ ννλ μ€μν ννμ λλ€. Meaning: Indicates that something applies only to a specific condition or scope. It is an important expression that limits the scope, similar to '~λ§' (only) or '~μκ²λ§' (only to).
μμ: "μ΄λ² ννμ μ κ· κ°μ κ³ κ°μ νν΄ μ μ©λ©λλ€." Example: "This benefit applies only to new customers."
(Explanation): κΈ°μ‘΄ κ³ κ°μ μ΄ ννμ λ°μ μ μλ€λ μλ―Έμ λλ€. This means existing customers cannot receive this benefit.
π‘ TOPIK λ¬Έμ νμ΄ ν
π‘ TOPIK Question-Solving Tip
곡μ§λ¬Έμ '~μ μ μΈνκ³ ', '~μ νν΄' κ°μ ννμ΄ λμ€λ©΄, κ·Έ λ¬Έμ₯μ λ°λμ λ λ² μ½μΌμΈμ! κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ·Έ μμΈ μ‘°κ±΄μ΄ λ¬΄μμΈμ§, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ·Έ 쑰건μ ν΄λΉνμ§ μλ κ²½μ°λ μ΄λ»κ² λλμ§λ₯Ό λ¨Έλ¦ΏμμΌλ‘ μ 리ν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. λ¬Έμ κ° λ°λ‘ μ΄ μμΈ μ‘°κ±΄μ μ΄μ©ν΄ μ€λ΅μ λ§λλλ€. When you see expressions like '~μ μ μΈνκ³ ' or '~μ νν΄' in an announcement, be sure to read the sentence twice! You need to mentally organize what the exception is and what happens to cases that don't meet that condition. The questions often create incorrect answers using these exceptions.
2. 쑰건과 κ°μ : '~μ', '~γΉ κ²½μ°' π
Conditions and Assumptions: '~μ', '~γΉ κ²½μ°'
곡μ§λ¬Έμ λ€μν μν©μ λλΉνμ¬ μ¬λ¬ 쑰건μ μ μν©λλ€. 'λ§μ½ ~λΌλ©΄'μ ν΄λΉνλ 쑰건문μ μ νμ ν΄μΌ 곡μ§λ¬Έμ μ 체 λ΄μ©μ μ ννκ² μ΄ν΄ν μ μμ΅λλ€. Announcements present various conditions to prepare for different situations. You must properly understand these conditional sentences, which are equivalent to 'if...', to accurately grasp the entire content of the announcement.
~μ (At the time of/In case of)
μλ―Έ: νΉμ μν©μ΄λ μμ μ κ°μ ν λ μ¬μ©ν©λλ€. 'λ§μ½ ~νλ€λ©΄' λλ 'at the time of'μ κ°μ λ»μΌλ‘, 'κ²°μ μ', 'λ¬Έμ μ', 'κ³ μ₯ μ'μ κ°μ΄ λͺ μ¬ λ€μ λΆμ΄ μ¬μ©λλ κ²½μ°κ° λ§μ΅λλ€. Meaning: Used to assume a specific situation or time. It means 'if...' or 'at the time of', and is often attached to a noun, such as 'κ²°μ μ' (at the time of payment), 'λ¬Έμ μ' (at the time of inquiry), or 'κ³ μ₯ μ' (in case of a breakdown).
μμ: "λ°ν μμλ μμμ¦μ λ°λμ μ§μ°Έν΄ μ£Όμμμ€." Example: "Please bring your receipt at the time of return."
(Explanation): λ°νν λ(λΌλ μν©μμλ) μμμ¦μ΄ νμνλ€λ 쑰건μ λλ€. This is a condition that a receipt is required when returning an item.
~γΉ κ²½μ° (In case of/If)
μλ―Έ: '~μ'μ μ μ¬νκ² μ΄λ€ μν©μ κ°μ νμ¬ κ·Έμ λ°λ₯Έ νλμ μ§μν λ μ¬μ©ν©λλ€. 'in case of', 'if'μ κ°μ λ»μ λλ€. Meaning: Similar to '~μ', it is used to assume a situation and instruct a corresponding action. It means 'in case of' or 'if'.
μμ: "λμκ΄ ν΄κ΄μΌ κ²½μ°, λ°λ©μΌμ΄ μλ μ°μ₯λ©λλ€." Example: "In case the library is closed, the return date will be automatically extended."
(Explanation): λμκ΄μ΄ ν΄κ΄νλ μν©μμλ λ°λ©μΌμ΄ μλμΌλ‘ μ°μ₯λλ€λ 쑰건μ λλ€. This is a condition that the return date is automatically extended if the library is closed.
π‘ TOPIK λ¬Έμ νμ΄ ν
π‘ TOPIK Question-Solving Tip
'~μ'λ '~γΉ κ²½μ°'μ κ°μ ννμ΄ λμ€λ©΄, '쑰건'κ³Ό 'κ·Έ 쑰건μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²°κ³Ό'λ₯Ό λͺ ννκ² κ΅¬λΆνλ μ°μ΅μ ν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν λ, "μ΄ μ‘°κ±΄μΌ λλ μ΄λ° κ²°κ³Όκ° μκΈ΄λ€"λ μμ λ Όλ¦¬μ μ°κ²°μ λ μ¬λ € 보μΈμ. When expressions like '~μ' or '~γΉ κ²½μ°' appear, you must practice clearly distinguishing between the 'condition' and the 'result that follows that condition'. When solving a problem, try to think of the logical connection like, "If this condition is met, this result occurs."
TOPIK μ€μ λ¬Έμ νμ΄ ✍️
TOPIK Practice Question
μ€λ λ°°μ΄ λ΄μ©μ λ°νμΌλ‘ μ€μ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό νμ΄λ΄ μλ€. 곡μ§λ¬Έμ μμΈ μν©κ³Ό 쑰건μ μ νμ νμ¬ μ λ΅μ μ°Ύμ보μΈμ! Based on what you've learned today, let's solve a practice problem. Find the correct answer by accurately identifying the exceptions and conditions in the announcement!
λ¬Έμ : λ€μ μλ΄λ¬Έμ λ΄μ©κ³Ό κ°μ κ²μ κ³ λ₯΄μμμ€.
[μ£Όμ°¨μ₯ μ΄μ© μλ΄]
λ¬΄λ£ μ΄μ© μκ°: μ€μ 9μ ~ μ€ν 6μ
μ λ£ μ΄μ© μκ°: μ€ν 6μ μ΄ν (10λΆλΉ 500μ)
λ¬΄λ£ λμ: 건물 μ μ£Ό μ 체 λ°©λ¬Έ μ°¨λμ νν΄ 2μκ° λ¬΄λ£
μ μμ¬ν: μ μ° μ μ£Όμ°¨ νμΈ λμ₯μ λ°μΌμλ©΄ λ©λλ€. μ£Όμ°¨ νμΈ λμ₯μ΄ μμ κ²½μ°μλ λ¬΄λ£ μ£Όμ°¨κ° λΆκ°λ₯ν©λλ€.
λ¬Έμ: 02-9876-5432
1. λͺ¨λ λ°©λ¬Έκ°μ 2μκ° λ¬΄λ£ μ£Όμ°¨ ννμ λ°μ μ μλ€.
2. μ€ν 6μλΆν°λ μ£Όμ°¨ μκΈμ λ΄μΌ νλ€.
3. μ£Όμ°¨ νμΈ λμ₯μ΄ μμ΄λ 2μκ°κΉμ§λ 무λ£λ‘ μ£Όμ°¨ν μ μλ€.
4. μ€μ 9μ μ΄μ μλ μ λ£λ‘ μ£Όμ°¨μ₯μ μ΄μ©ν μ μλ€.
μ λ΅ λ° ν΄μ€ 보기
μ λ΅: 2λ²
ν΄μ€: 'μ λ£ μ΄μ© μκ°: μ€ν 6μ μ΄ν'λΌλ λ΄μ©μ΄ μμΌλ―λ‘, μ€ν 6μ μ΄νμλ μ£Όμ°¨ μκΈμ λ΄μΌ ν©λλ€. 1λ²μ '건물 μ μ£Ό μ 체 λ°©λ¬Έ μ°¨λμ νν΄'λΌλ μμΈ μ‘°κ±΄μ΄ μμΌλ―λ‘ ν립λλ€. 3λ²μ 'μ£Όμ°¨ νμΈ λμ₯μ΄ μμ κ²½μ°μλ λ¬΄λ£ μ£Όμ°¨κ° λΆκ°λ₯ν©λλ€.'λΌλ 쑰건 λλ¬Έμ ν립λλ€. 4λ²μ 곡μ§λ¬Έμ μ€μ 9μ μ΄μ μ μ΄μ© μκ° μ λ³΄κ° μμΌλ―λ‘ μ μ μλ λ΄μ©μ λλ€. Explanation: The notice states 'Paid usage time: After 6 p.m.', so you must pay for parking after 6 p.m. Option 1 is incorrect because of the exception, 'only for vehicles visiting tenants in the building'. Option 3 is incorrect due to the condition, 'In the case that you do not have a parking confirmation stamp, free parking is not possible.' Option 4 is an unknown detail, as the notice does not provide information about usage time before 9 a.m.
'~μ μ μΈνκ³ ', '~μ νν΄', '~μ'μ κ°μ ννλ€μ 곡μ§λ¬Έμ λμ΄λλ₯Ό λμ΄λ ν¬λ¬ μ νμ λλ€. μ΄ ννλ€μ μ νν μ΄ν΄νκ³ λ¬Έμ μ μ μ©νλ μ΅κ΄μ λ€μ΄λ©΄, TOPIK λ ν΄μμ λ§μ μ λ°λ κ²λ κΏμ΄ μλλλ€. λ€μ νΈμμ λ§λμ! ✨ Expressions like '~μ μ μΈνκ³ ', '~μ νν΄', and '~μ' are 'killer types' that increase the difficulty of announcements. If you get into the habit of accurately understanding and applying these expressions to problems, getting a perfect score on the TOPIK reading section is not just a dream. See you in the next part! ✨